磷酸氨中和制备磷铵过程中稀土的选择性回收  

Selective Recovery of Rare Earth During Preparation of Ammonium Phosphate by Neutralization of Ammonia Phosphate

作　　者：李析菘 谢渝 王明玉 张贵清 关文娟 李青刚 曹佐英 巫圣喜 Li Xisong;Xie Yu;Wang Mingyu;Zhang Guiqing;Guan Wenjuan;Li Qinggang;Cao Zuoying;Wu Shengxi(School of Metallurgy and Environment,Central South University,Changsha 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2022年第6期1066-1072,共7页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52104354);国家自然科学基金联合基金重点支持项目(U2067201)资助。

摘　　要：以含稀土磷酸为原料,系统研究了Ce^(3+)和Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Al^(3+)的在氨中和制备磷铵过程中的离子迁移行为差异,并考察了不同条件下稀土沉淀物的过滤性能。结果表明,磷酸氨中和pH约为2时,稀土(Ce^(3+))的沉淀率及其与各杂质的分离系数较优。含稀土磷酸模拟料液氨水中和实验中控制pH=2时,各离子沉淀率分别为Ce^(3+)99.58%,Fe^(3+)8.66%,Ca^(2+)13.80%,Mg^(2+)11.90%,Al^(3+)4.38%,沉淀物中Ce3+的质量分数约为43%。含稀土磷酸氨中和过程中pH=2左右稀土优先沉淀且沉淀物可以实现有效过滤。随温度的升高,沉淀料浆的过滤速率从3.39 mL·min^(-1)提高至4.17 mL·min^(-1)。Using phosphoric acid contained rare earth as raw material,the difference of ion migration behavior between Ce^(3+)and Fe^(2+)/^(3+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)and Al^(3+)during the preparation process of ammonium phosphate by ammonia neutralization was systematically studied,and the filtration performance of rare earth precipitates under different conditions was also investigated.The results demonstrate that the optimal precipitation efficiency of rare earths(Ce^(3+))and the best separation coefficient of Ce^(3+)to impurities were achieved at the neutralization pH of about 2.0.In the neutralization experiment of simulated phosphoric acid contained rare earth by ammonium hydroxide with controlled neutralization pH equal to 2.0,the precipitation efficiencies of cations were Ce^(3+)99.58%,Fe^(2+)8.66%,Ca^(2+)13.80%,Mg^(2+)11.90%and Al^(3+)4.38%,respectively.And the mass percentage of Ce^(3+)in the precipitates was about 43%.In the neutralization process of ammonia phosphate rare earth elements can be selectively precipitated at pH=2 and the precipitate can be effectively filtered.With the increase of temperature,the filtration rate of precipitated slurry increased from 3.39 to 4.17 mL·min^(-1).

关 键 词：铈 磷铵工艺 沉淀率 分离 

分 类 号：O614.33[理学—无机化学]