硫酸浆化分解混合稀土精矿工艺研究  

Slurry Decomposing of Mixed Rare Earth Concentrate with Sulfuric Acid

作　　者：崔建国[1] 徐萌 李俊林 王哲[1] 张鹏飞 张波 Cui Jianguo;Xu Meng;Li Junlin;Wang Zhe;Zhang Pengfei;Zhang Bo(State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization,Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths,National Engineering Research Centre of Rare Earth Metallurgy and Function Materials,Baotou O014030,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China)

机构地区：[1]白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用国家重点实验室,包头稀土研究院,瑞科稀土冶金及功能材料国家工程研究中心有限公司,内蒙古包头014030 [2]内蒙古大学化学化工学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2022年第6期1073-1080,共8页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1909104);内蒙古科技兴蒙合作项目(2022YFXM0001)资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用H_(2)SO_(4)溶液对混合稀土精矿进行浆化分解,主要探究了H_(2)SO_(4)浓度、反应温度、时间、液固比等因素对稀土矿物分解率的影响,并对分解进行动力学研究,结果表明:H2SO4浓度为60%,温度为120℃,时间为2 h,液固比为4∶1(mL·g^(-1))实验条件下,F浸出率为98.9%,REO浸出率66.5%,P_(2)O_(5)浸出率为25.94%。采用XRD,SEM-EDS及化学分析等手段对水浸渣进行物相与成分分析,分析表明,混合稀土精矿中氟碳铈矿基本完全被分解,产物以独居石为主,分解过程符合收缩核变形模型,反应表观活化能为58.26 kJ·mol^(-1)。In this study,the mixed rare earth concentrate was slurry-decomposed by sulfuric acid solution,and the effects of sulfuric acid concentration,reaction temperature,time,liquid-solid ratio and other factors on the decomposition rate of rare earth minerals were mainly explored,and the kinetics of decomposition was studied.The results show that the sulfuric acid concentration is 60%,the temperature is 120℃,the time is 2 h,and the liquid-solid ratio is 4∶1(mL/g),the F leaching rate is 98.9%,the REO leaching rate is 66.5%,and the P_(2)O_(5) leaching rate is 25.94%.The phase and composition of the water leaching residue were analyzed by means of XRD,SEM-EDS and chemical analysis.The analysis shows that the bastnaesite in the mixed rare earth concentrate was basically completely decomposed,the decomposition process can be described by to a new variant of the shrinking-core model,the apparent activation energy of the reaction is 58.26 kJ·mol^(-1).

关 键 词：稀土精矿 H_(2)SO_(4) 浆化分解 动力学 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]