表面活性剂对风化壳淋积型稀土矿渗透性的影响  

Effects of Surfactant on Permeability of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ores

作　　者：王志伟 黄素华[1,2] 张立森 张镱馨 周芳 池汝安[2,3] Wang Zhiwei;Huang Suhua;Zhang Lisen;Zhang Yixin;Zhou Fang;Chi Ruan(School of Chemical Engineering&Pharmacy,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Key of Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430073,China;Xingfa School of Mining Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,湖北武汉430000 [2]绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430073 [3]武汉工程大学兴发矿业学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2022年第6期1081-1089,共9页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(22078252,51874212)资助。

摘　　要：风化壳淋积型稀土矿属黏质土,具有颗粒细腻、渗水速度慢等特点,导致其原地浸出开采困难,提高浸取剂溶液在矿体的渗流扩散是原地浸出高效回收稀土资源的关键。本文分别考察了(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),NH_(4)Cl,MgSO_(4)浸取体系下,CTAB,DTAB,SDS,油酸钠,油酸五种表面活性剂对于高岭土、蒙脱土、伊利石及风化壳淋积型稀土矿渗透性的影响,通过黏附功及黏附功降低因子分析表面张力与接触角对渗流的综合影响效果,揭示表面活性剂强化浸取剂溶液渗透性的作用机制。实验结果表明,三种浸取体系下,对于黏土矿物和风化壳淋积型稀土矿,5种表面活性剂均可强化溶液渗流速度,缩短形成稳定流场所需时间。表面活性剂渗透强化效应为:CTAB>DTAB>SDS>油酸钠>油酸。黏附功及黏附功降低因子结果表明黏附功、黏附功降低因子越小,渗透系数越大,渗流强化效应越明显。The weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores belong to clay soil,which have the characteristics of fine particles and slow water seepage,resulting in the difficulty of in-situ leaching mining. Improving the seepage diffusion of leaching agent solution in the ore body is the key to the efficient recovery of rare earth resources by in-situ leaching. The effects of CTAB,DTAB,SDS,sodium oleate and oleic acid on the permeability of kaolin,montmorillonoid,illite and weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores under ammonium sulfate,ammonium chloride and magnesium sulfate leaching system were investigated. The comprehensive effect of surface tension and contact angle on seepage was analyzed by adhesion work and adhesion work reduction factor,and the mechanism of surfactant strengthening the permeability of leaching solution was revealed. The experimental results show that under the three leaching systems,for clay minerals and weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores,the five surfactants can strengthen the seepage velocity of the solution and shorten the time required to form a stable flow site. The permeation enhancement effect of surfactants was CTAB>DTAB>SDS>sodium oleate>oleic acid. The results of adhesion work and adhesion work reduction factor show that the smaller the adhesion work and adhesion work reduction factor are,the greater the permeability coefficient is,and the more obvious the seepage strengthening effect is.

关 键 词：风化壳淋积型稀土矿 表面活性剂 浸取 渗透性 黏附功 

分 类 号：TD865[矿业工程—金属矿开采]