城市化对长治市蚜虫群落多样性的影响研究  

Effects of Urbanization on Aphid Community Diversity in Changzhi, Shanxi

作　　者：武帅楷 金山[1,2] 任雄飞 李一慧 李新颖 刘媛媛 苏琳琳 王文祯 WU Shuaikai;JIN Shan;REN Xiongfei;LI Yihui;LI Xinying;LIU Yuanyuan;SU Linlin;WANG Wenzhen(Department of Life Sciences,Changzhi University,Changzhi 046011,China;Ecological and Environmental Research Institute of Taihang Mountain,Changzhi 046011,China)

机构地区：[1]长治学院生命科学系,山西长治046011 [2]太行山生态与环境研究所,山西长治046011

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期1427-1438,共12页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：长治学院专项项目(XN0278);山西省1331重点学科建设项目(1331KSC)。

摘　　要：为研究长治市绿地内蚜虫群落多样性及受不同城市化程度的影响,将长治市按照距离市中心由近及远划分为3个不同城市化程度区域(Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型),然后采用样地法和样方方法对不同城市化程度区域的蚜虫群落多样性进行研究。结果表明:(1)研究区蚜虫有5科36属63种,其中蚜科(Aphididae)物种最多;(2)在3级分类水平上均分别将不同绿地类型和不同城市化程度区域的蚜虫属划分为4个群落类型,其中蚜属(Aphis)和小长管蚜属(Macrosiphum)分别单独形成一个群落类型;(3)蚜虫群落多样性指数在不同城市化程度区域间差异不显著(P>0.05),而公园绿地和居住区绿地蚜虫群落多样性指数显著(P<0.05)大于防护绿地;(4)除趋势典范对应分析(DCCA)表明影响城市绿地蚜虫群落分布的主要因素是植被覆盖率和寄主植物丰度。(5)蚜虫优势种和寄主植物优势种间存在大量的单食性或寡食性的寄生关系。研究发现随着城市化进程的推进,长治市绿地生态系统内蚜虫群落多样性呈逐渐减小趋势。In order to study the diversity characteristics of aphid community and the influence by different degrees of urbanization in green space of Changzhi, and this city was divided into three different urbanized areas(area Ⅰ, area Ⅱ and area Ⅲ) according to the distance from the city center to the farthest. We used sample plot method and quadrat method to investigate the diversity of aphid community in different urbanized areas. The results show that:(1) There are 5 families, 36 genera and 63 species of aphids in the study area, in which Aphididae species account for the largest proportion;(2) At the three-level classification level, the aphid genera in different green space types and different urbanized areas are divided into four community types. Aphis and Macrosiphum form a single aphid community type respectively;(3) There are no significant difference(P>0. 05) in aphid community diversity index between different urbanized areas, but the aphid community diversity index in public parks and residential green spaces are significantly(P<0. 05) higher than that in different urbanized areas;(4) The results of detrended canonical correspondence analysis(DCCA)showed that the main factors affecting the distribution of aphid community in urban green space are vegetation coverage and host plant richness.(5) There are a lot of monophagy or oligophagous parasitic relationships between the dominant species of aphids and the dominant species of host plants. The study suggests that with the advancement of urbanization, the diversity of aphid community in the green space ecosystem in Changzhi showed a decreasing trend.

关 键 词：蚜虫 城市化程度 绿地类型 群落多样性 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]