《民法典》的人权意涵  

Human Rights Implications of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China

作　　者：朱虎[1,2] Zhu Hu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心 [2]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《人权》2022年第6期98-117,共20页Human Rights

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目(项目批准号:22XNQT12)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：人权的人民性是当代中国人权观最显著的特征,《民法典》的编纂是人民为自我立法的体现,其在外在体系和内在价值等层面均以人权的人民性为价值指引。《民法典》在功能上体现了国家对人权的保障义务,构建了国家与人民个体之间的框架性关系,从而完善了人权的实现机制。《民法典》对民事权利类型、内容、功能的持续扩展是人权内容的广泛性所要求的,其力图通过具体规则实现人民幸福生活这个最大人权,保障人身权、财产权和人格权。人权的全民共享要求民事权利主体的普遍性;人权的平等共享要求民事权利保护的形式平等,同时进一步要求民事权利保护的实质平等,以外接和内嵌的方式注重特定群体权益的保护。Putting the people first in human rights protection is the most distinctive feature of the outlook on human rights in contemporary China.The codification of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China reflects the people’s legislation for themselves, which is guided by the principle of putting the people first in its external system and internal values.Functionally, the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China reflects the obligation of the country to protect human rights, constructs the framework relationship between the country and individual people, and perfects the mechanism for human rights protection.The continuous expansion of the types, contents, and functions of civil rights in the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China is required by the broad scope of human rights, with an aim to realize a happy life for the people, the most important human rights, and protect people’s personal rights, property rights, and right to dignity through specific rules.The universal sharing of human rights requires the universality of the subjects of civil rights.The equal sharing of human rights requires the equality of forms of civil rights protection.Meanwhile, it further requires the substantive equality of civil rights protection.Attention is paid to protecting the rights and interests of specific groups in external and embedded ways.

关 键 词：民法典 人权保障 民事权利保护 当代中国人权观 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]