自动顶空气相色谱法测定生活饮用水中的三氯甲烷和四氯化碳  

Determination of Chloroform and Carbon Tetrachloride in Drinking Water by Automatic Headspace Gas Chromatography

作　　者：贺春霞[1] 朱韩武[1] 雷飏[1] 陈贤柏[1] 周亮[1] HE Chunxia;ZHU Hanwu;LEI Yang;CHEN Xianbo;ZHOU Liang(Physical and Chemical Laboratory,Chenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chenzhou Hu'nan 423000,China)

机构地区：[1]郴州市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2022年第22期18-22,共5页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：湖南省卫生健康委科研计划项目(20201731);郴州市科学技术局科技发展计划项目(ZDYF2020195)。

摘　　要：目的 建立一种简单测定生活饮用水中三氯甲烷和四氯化碳的顶空气相色谱测定方法。方法生活饮用水中的三氯甲烷和四氯化碳经顶空仪富集后,HP-5毛细管色谱柱分离,电子捕获检测器测定。结果 本方法中,三氯甲烷的质量浓度在0.2~40μg/L内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 0;四氯化碳质量浓度在0.1~20μg/L内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 5。三氯甲烷的检出限和定量下限分别为0.05μg/L和0.16μg/L,四氯化碳的检出限和定量下限分别为0.02μg/L和0.08μg/L。三氯甲烷(低、中、高浓度)精密度均小于6%,四氯化碳(低、中、高浓度)精密度均小于4%。三氯甲烷(低、中、高浓度)相对回收标准偏差介于99.0%~103.5%,四氯化碳(低、中、高浓度)相对回收标准偏差介于96.0%~100.0%。方法 应用于测定实际水样,结果令人满意。2020年采集了市城区丰水期和枯水期水样共257份,检出三氯甲烷214份,质量浓度范围在1.09~29.11μg/L间,枯水期三氯甲烷平均浓度与丰水期平均浓度相当,检出率为85.3%(110/129),与丰水期检出率81.3%(104/128)比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.75,P>0.05),四氯化碳均未检出。结论 本方法可用于测定生活饮用水中的三氯甲烷和四氯化碳,方法简单准确,快速有效,适合在基层实验室进行推广。Objective To establish a simple method for determination of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in drinking water by headspace gas chromatography.Methods Chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in drinking water were enriched by headspace analyzer,separated by HP-5 capillary column and determined by electron capture detector.Results In this method,the linear range of chloroforme was 0.2-40μg/L,and the correlation coefficient was 0.999 0.The linear range of carbon tetrachloride concentration was 0.1-20μg/L,and the correlation coefficient was 0.999 5.The limits of detection and the lower limits of quantification of trichloromethane were 0.05μg/L and 0.16μg/L,respectively.The limits of detection and the lower limits of quantification of carbon tetrachloride were 0.02μg/L and 0.08μg/L,respectively.The precision of chloroform (low,medium and high concentrations) were less than 6%,and that of carbon tetrachloride (low,medium and high concentrations) were less than 4%.The relative recovery standard deviation of chloroform(low,medium and high concentrations) were99.0%-103.5%,and that of carbon tetrachloride (low,medium and high concentrations) were 96.0%-100.0%.The method had been applied to determination of real water samples with satisfactory results.A total of 257 water samples were collected in the wet season and dry season in urban areas of the city in 2020,and 214 chloroform samples were detected.The mass concentration ranged from 1.09μg/L to 29.11μg/L.The average concentration of chloroform in dry season was similar to that in wet season,and the detection rate was 85.3%(110/129),And the detection rate in wet season was 81.3%(104/128) Comparison.There was no significant difference in the detection rate between the two groups (χ~2=0.75,P>0.05).No carbon tetrachloride was detected.Conclusion The method could be used for determination of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride in drinking water.The method was simple,accurate,rapid and effective.It was suitable for popularization in basic laboratory.

关 键 词：三氯甲烷 四氯化碳 自动顶空 气相色谱法 电子捕获检测器 生活饮用水 

分 类 号：R657[医药卫生—外科学]