个人信息处理中同意规则弱化适用的路径优化--基于情境脉络完整性理论的场景细分  

On Path Optimization of Weakened Application of Consent Rules in Personal Information Processing:Scenario Segmentation Based on the Theory of Contextual Integrity

作　　者：廖丽环 Liao Lihuan

机构地区：[1]福州大学法学院

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2022年第6期156-180,共25页Law and Social Development

基　　金：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“数字治理在公共法律服务中的适用研究”(21SFB4009);福建省创新战略项目“后疫情时代下福建省健康医疗大数据应用的高质量立法研究”(2021R0025)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：同意规则作为个人信息处理的前置规则,其过高的体系地位并不利于个人信息的合理使用。为此,可在保留同意规则的前提下,将其从以往从严适用的前置规则转为弹性适用的调整规则,形成“弱化适用”的改良路径。既有同意规则的立法文本与实践经验已探索出限制适用、除外适用、无效适用、宽松适用与偏移适用五种修正形态,但仍不足以提供弱化适用的细分标准与弹性空间。据此,可借助情景脉络完整性理论,进一步限定动态体系要素以及要素权重,即在区分个人信息类型、个人信息处理环节、个人信息处理者性质的基础上,形成同意规则“分级—分段—分类”的适用路径。此外,还需从内在构造与外在关系两个维度共同保障同意规则弱化适用后的效度。Consent is the pre-rule of personal information processing,and its high system status is not conducive to the reasonable use of personal information.Therefore,on the premise of retaining the consent rule,we can turn the previous strict pre-application norms to flexible adjustment norms,forming an improved path of“weakened application”.Existing practice of text has explored five types of amendments:restricted application,excluded application,invalid application,loose application and offset application,but they are still insufficient to provide subdivision standards and flexible space for weakened application.Accordingly,the elements of dynamic system and weights of elements can be further defined with the help of the theory of“context integrity”,that is,the hierarchical identification of consent rules is distinguished according to data types,the segmentation identification of consent rules is distinguished according to processing links,and the identification of consent rules is divided according to the nature of the subject(purpose of use).In addition,it is necessary to jointly guarantee the validity of the weakened consent from two dimensions of the internal normative structure and the external peripheral relationship.

关 键 词：个人信息 同意规则 弱化适用 场景细分 情境脉络完整性 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]