1593例过敏原检测结果分析  

Analysis of allergen detection results in 1593 cases

作　　者：马莉 Ma Li(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Beijing Aerospace General Hospital,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天总医院检验科,北京100076

出　　处：《医学食疗与健康》2022年第20期153-155,183,共4页Medical Diet and Health

摘　　要：目的:了解我院周边地区变态反应性疾病过敏原分布情况及特点,为临床预防过敏性疾病提供基础依据。方法:选取我院2019年1月1日至2021年6月30日收治的过敏性疾病患者血清1593份,采用欧蒙免疫印迹法,进行过敏原检测,并分析检测结果。结果:1593例标本中共检出阳性吸入性及食物性过敏原616例(38.67%),其中0~20岁的儿童及青少年阳性率最高,为67.11%。食物性过敏原中最常见的是蟹(15.26%),其次为鸡蛋白(12.50%)和花生(5.84%);吸入性过敏原中最常见的是艾蒿(38.31%),其次为屋尘螨/粉尘螨(27.92%)和猫毛(18.18%)。一种过敏原阳性的为287例(46.59%),两种及两种以上阳性的为329例(53.41%)。秋季过敏原阳性率为43.62%,明显高于其他季节。结论:我院就诊患者过敏原检测结果具有性别差异,且一半以上为多重过敏原综合致敏引起;该地区食物性过敏原以蟹为主,吸入性过敏原以艾蒿为主;随着年龄的增长过敏原阳性率逐渐下降;一年四季以秋冬季节为主。Objective:To understand the distribution and characteristics of allergens in allergic diseases in the surrounding areas of our hospital,and to provide the basis for clinical prevention of allergic diseases.Methods:From January 1,2019 to June 30,2021,1593 serum samples of patients with allergic diseases were selected from our hospital.The allergens were detected by Western blot,and the detection results were analyzed.Results:A total of 616 cases(38.67%)of the 1593 samples were detected positive for inhaled and food allergens,among which the positive rate of children and adolescents aged 0~20 years was the highest(67.11%).The most common food allergens were crab(15.26%),followed by egg white(12.50%)and peanut(5.84%).The most common inhaled allergens were artemisia argyi(38.31%),followed by house dust mite/dust mite(27.92%)and cat hair(18.18%).287 cases(46.59%)were positive for one allergen,and 329 cases(53.41%)were positive for two or more allergens.The positive rate of allergens in autumn was 43.62%,which was significantly higher than that in other seasons.Conclusions:The results of allergen detection in patients around our hospital showed gender differences,and more than half of them were caused by multiple allergens.The food allergens were mainly crabs,and the inhalant allergens were mainly Mugwormwood.With the increase of age,the positive rate of allergens decreased gradually;The four seasons are dominated by autumn and winter.The distribution and characteristics of allergens in the surrounding areas are clear,which is helpful to understand the allergic status of patients,assist the diagnosis of allergic diseases and provide reliable basis for their prevention and treatment.

关 键 词：过敏原检测 过敏 吸入性及食物性 

分 类 号：R593.1[医药卫生—内科学]