西北某多沙河流水库淤积形态变化特性及调度建议  

Variation Characteristics of Sedimentation Morphology and Scheduling Suggestions for A Sandy River Reservoir in Northwest China

作　　者：王强 王远见[1,2] 李新杰 王欣[1,2] 张翎 WANG Qiang;WANG Yuan-jian;LI Xin-jie;WANG Xin;ZHANG Ling(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Henan Lake Reservoir Functional Recovery and Maintenance Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]河南省湖库功能恢复与维持工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2022年第12期77-80,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3200400);国家自然科学基金项目(51879115,42041004);黄科院科技发展基金(黄科发202101);黄科院基本科研业务费专项项目(HKY-JBYW-2019-22)。

摘　　要：鉴于水库淤积形态是水库库容维持与水库安全运行的重要影响因素,基于物理模型试验研究了西北某多沙水库冲淤变化特性及水库淤积形态。结果表明,入库年径流量和年输沙量有逐年增大的趋势,近30年年均输沙量为486×10^(4)m^(3);水库运行30年后,水库总淤积量达3200.87×10^(4)m^(3),年均淤积量106.70×10^(4)m^(3),库区淤积严重;引水发电洞洞口有少量泥沙,在泄洪排沙洞前形成了小漏斗;河床纵剖面和滩面总体呈同步抬升趋势,部分年份局部地形冲淤变化较大;在横断面总体表现为同步淤积趋势,坝前断面淤积厚度将近30 m。建议水库转入正常运用期时,可考虑采取多年调节、择机降水冲沙运用方式。Reservoir sedimentation morphology is an important factor affecting reservoir capacity maintenance and safe operation.Based on a series of physical model experiments,this paper studied the change characteristics of scouring and silting in a reservoir,in Northwest China.The results show that the annual runoff and sediment transport increased over the year,and the average annual sediment transport was 4.86 million m^(3) in recent 30 years.After 30 years of reservoir operation,the total siltation of the reservoir reached 32.0087 million m^(3) and the average annual siltation reached 1.0670 million m^(3).There is a small amount of sediment at the mouth of the spillway sand hole,forming a small funnel before the spillway sand hole;The longitudinal section of the riverbed and the beach surface generally show a synchronous uplift trend,and the local topography changes greatly in some years.In the cross section,it shows a synchronous siltation uplift trend,and the siltation thickness of the section in front of the dam is nearly 30 m.According to the above research,it is suggested that when the reservoir is transferred to the normal operation period,multi-year adjustment can be considered,and the application of precipitation and sediment flushing can be selected.

关 键 词：水库淤积 淤积形态 淤积量 冲刷漏斗 优化调度 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]