趾墩式消能工消能特征研究  

Study on Characteristics of Dissipation for Chute-block Energy Dissipator

作　　者：赵一名 朱李英[2] 李永业[1] 宋晓腾 张涛 田煜 ZHAO Yi-ming;ZHU Li-ying;LI Yong-ye;SONG Xiao-teng;ZHANG Tao;TIAN Yu(College of Water Conservancy Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College,Chengdu 611231,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]四川水利职业技术学院,四川成都611231

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2022年第12期190-193,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179116)。

摘　　要：为研究改变台阶消能工形状后阶梯式溢洪道的消能特性,提出一种趾墩式消能工并对该溢洪道进行数值计算与物理试验,从流态、水面线特征、表面压强特征、湍涡特征与消能率多个方面进行研究。结果表明,趾墩式消能工能维持跌落水流流态的流量大于普通台阶消能工,且同一流量下趾墩式消能工的水面线波动情况与普通台阶消能工类似;趾墩式消能工水流中的湍流涡体在台阶的流向及展向的竖直面都有生成,同一流量时沿流程并无明显的形态与尺度变化、不同流量下尺度也未明显改变,相对于普通台阶消能工湍涡分布更加均匀;趾墩式消能工的压强分布同样比较均匀,且同一流量时趾墩式消能工的负压比小于普通台阶消能工;趾墩式消能工的消能率在研究流量范围内较为稳定,在流量Q=30 m^(3)/h时增加100%后,消能率仅下降约10%。To study the energy dissipation characteristics of the stepped spillway with different step shape,a chute-block energy dissipator was proposed,and the numerical calculation and physical test of the spillway were carried out.The flow pattern,water surface line characteristics,surface pressure characteristics,turbulent eddy characteristics and energy dissipation rate were studied.The results show that the flow rate of chute-block energy dissipator could maintain the flow pattern of drop water during larger flow than that of ordinary step energy dissipator,and the fluctuation of water surface line of chute-block energy dissipator was similar to that of ordinary step energy dissipator at the same flow.The turbulent vortices in the chute-block energy dissipator flow were generated in the flow direction and transverse direction of the vertical plane of steps.During the same flow,vortices had no obvious change in shape and scale along the flow direction,nor in different flow scales;The distribution of turbulent vortices was more uniform than that of ordinary step energy dissipator.The pressure distribution of chute-block energy dissipator were equally uniform,and the negative pressure ratio of chute-block energy dissipators was lower than that of ordinary step energy dissipator at the same flow.The energy dissipation rate of chute-block energy dissipator was relatively stable in the flow range studied in this paper;After the flow rate of Q=30 m^(3)/h was increased by 100%,the energy dissipation rate only decreased by about 10%.

关 键 词：数值模拟 消能特征 消能率 台阶消能 

分 类 号：TV65[水利工程—水利水电工程]