春季黄芩质量形成与生态因子和关键酶基因表达的关系  

Relationship Between Quality Formation of Scutellaria baicalensis in Spring and Expression of Ecological Factors and Key Enzyme Genes

作　　者：张甜 程林 杨林林 韩梅 李佳思 杨利民 ZHANG Tian;CHENG Lin;YANG Linlin;HAN Mei;LI Jiasi;YANG Limin(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,省部共建生态恢复与生态系统管理国家重点实验室培育基地,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2022年第5期557-566,共10页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21);国家自然科学基金项目(31570327)。

摘　　要：为研究春季黄芩质量变化及外界环境因素和内在关键酶基因表达对其的影响,利用高效液相色谱法、紫外分光光度法分别测定4种单体黄酮类化合物和总黄酮含量,通过实时荧光定量PCR法分析黄芩苷合成途径中9种关键酶基因(PAL、C4H、4CL、CHS、CHI、FNS、F6H、UBGAT、GUS)表达量,并同时记录环境参数。从药效成分含量变化方面看,春季对二年生黄芩进行采收时应选择在5月末至6月初;影响二年生春季黄芩根部药效成分积累较大的关键酶基因为CHI、GUS、4CL和PAL;土壤温度、空气温度(Ta)、空气湿度(RH)、最低空气温度(Ta_(Min))与春季二年生黄芩根部药效成分的积累关系较大,最高空气温度(Ta_(Max))、降雨和土壤含水量(SWC)对其也具有明显的影响作用,光照和短时强降雨影响不大;土壤中的水分和温度对黄芩药效成分的积累有重要影响,春季土壤中水分与温度对黄芩根部质量的影响不同,土壤温度相比于SWC影响较大。试验明确了二年生黄芩春季采收的时间及其药效成分积累与生态因子、关键酶基因表达的关系,为指导黄芩药材质量的提高和最佳采收期的确定提供理论依据。To explore the effects of quality change,environmental factors and gene expression of key enzymes on S.baicalensis in spring,the content of 4 monomeric flavonoids and total flavonoids was determined by high performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometry,respectively,the expression levels of 9 key enzymes(PAL,C4H,4CL,CHS,CHI,FNS,F6H,UBGAT and GUS)in the baicalin synthesis pathway were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,and environmental parameters were recorded at the same time.In view of the change of the content of medicinal ingredients,it is suggested that the biennial S.baicalensis should be harvested from the end of May to the beginning of June in spring.CHI,GUS,4CL and PAL were the key enzyme genes that affected the accumulation of medicinal ingredients in root of biennial S.baicalensis in spring.Soil temperature,Ta,RH and Ta_(Min) were significantly related to the accumulation of medicinal ingredients in root of biennial S.baicalensis in spring.Ta_(Max),rainfall and SWC also had significant effects on the accumulation,while light and short-term heavy rainfall had little effect.Soil moisture and temperature had important effects on the accumulation of medicinal ingredients of S.baicalensis,soil moisture and temperature in spring had different effects on root quality of S.baicalensis,and soil temperature had a greater effect than SWC.The relationship between spring harvest time of biennial S.baicalensis and the accumulation of its pharmacodynamic components and ecological factors and the expression of key enzyme genes was clarified,which provides a theoretical basis for the determination of the optimal harvest time and the improvement of the quality of S.baicalensis.

关 键 词：黄芩 黄酮类化合物 生态因子 关键酶 基因表达 药材质量 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]