2018年—2021年北京市大兴区集中发热疫情检测结果分析  

Analysis of detection results of concentrated fever epidemic in Daxing District,Beijing City from 2018 to 2021

作　　者：周丽敏[1] 郑天驰 ZHOU Li-min;ZHENG Tian-chi(Daxing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心,北京102600

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2022年第22期2800-2803,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的分析2018年—2021年北京市大兴区集中发热疫情及其流行病学特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采集中小学校和托幼园所等集中发热疫情的病例咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光PCR法进行呼吸道多病原核酸检测。结果2018年—2021年北京市大兴区共报告集中发热疫情167起,共检测样本1386份,阳性样本807份,阳性率为58.23%。甲型流感病毒H1N182份(10.16%),季节性流感病毒H3亚型253份(31.35%),乙型流感病毒Yamagata系9份(1.12%),乙型流感病毒Victoria系369份(45.72%),其他呼吸道病毒88份(10.90%),主要以流感病毒活动为主。由流感病毒引起的集中发热疫情139起,发生时间主要集中在冬春季,男女比例为1:0.75,不同性别间阳性率差异无统计学意义,发病人群以小学生为主。结论2018年—2021年北京市大兴区集中发热疫情主要是由流感病毒引起,不同年份优势毒株型别不同,主要发生单位为学校,发病人群为小学生,冬春季为流感高峰季节,应针对学校和托幼园所积极采取措施预防流感,控制集中发热疫情。Objective To analyze the concentrated fever epidemic and its epidemiological characteristics in Daxing District,Beijing City from 2018 to 2021,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The real-time fluorescent PCR method was used to detect multiple pathogenic nucleic acids in the respiratory tract from the throat swab specimens of fever cases collected from clusters of epidemics such as primary and secondary schools and kindergartens.Results From 2018 to 2021,a total of 167 cases of concentrated fever were reported in Daxing District,Beijing City.A total of 1386 samples were tested and 807 were positive samples,with a positive rate of 58.23%.82 copies(10.16%)of influenza A virus H1 N1,253 copies(31.35%)of seasonal influenza virus H3 subtype,9 copies(1.12%)of influenza B virus Yamagata line,369 copies(45.72%)of influenza B virus Victoria line,88 other respiratory viruses(10.90%)were observed,with influenza virus activity as the dominant.Among them,there were 139 cluster outbreaks caused by influenza viruses.The occurrence time is mainly concentrated in winter and spring,and the male to female ratio is 1:0.75.There was no statistical significance on the difference in the positive rate between different sexes(P>0.05).Primary school students are predominantly affected.Conclusion The concentrated fever epidemic in Daxing District from 2018 to 2021 is mainly caused by influenza virus.The dominant strains are different in different years.The main occurrence units are schools,and the affected population is elementary school students.Winter and spring are the peak seasons of influenza.Active measures should be taken to prevent influenza and control the epidemic of concentrated fever in schools and nurseries.

关 键 词：集中发热疫情 流感病毒 呼吸道感染 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]