南极冰川地震学研究进展  

Research progress of Antarctic glacial seismology

作　　者：俞慧婷 陈宇乔 杨元德[1] 李斐[1] YU HuiTing;CHEN YuQiao;YANG YuanDe;LI Fei(Chinese Antarcic Center of Sureying and Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国南极测绘研究中心,武汉430079

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2022年第5期1875-1884,共10页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42076234)资助。

摘　　要：冰川地震学是冰川学与地震学的交叉学科,其核心内容是运用地震学方法开展冰震、冰川结构及变化等研究.南极冰川类型丰富,拥有大量快速冰流以及大型冰架,其冰盖内部及边缘地区拥有丰富的冰震来源,各类冰震发震频繁,冰震信号频带宽、震级跨度大,在全球冰冻圈中具有代表性.南极冰川结构变化与物质平衡密切相关,冰川地震学研究可以通过监测各类冰川结构变化事件,为南极内部结构变化带来新的认识.本文首先介绍了南极地区冰川地震学研究开展情况,总结出5类具有代表性的南极冰震,并结合南极部分冰流、溢出冰川、冰架以及冰山详细描述其类型及特征.其次,对Rutford冰流、Whillans冰流、Ross冰架以及Thwaites冰川4个典型区域的冰川地震学研究情况进行介绍.最后,针对在南极开展冰川地震学研究面临的机遇和挑战,进行了探讨.Glacial seismology is an interdisciplinary subject of glaciology and seismology,which use seismological methods to study icequakes and glacial changes in structure,transport,fracture,mass balance and other processes.There are abundant seismic sources in the interior and marginal areas of the Antarctic ice sheet,such as crevassing,hydrofracturing,water resonance,stick-slip motion,rifting and calving,iceberg collision and breakup,etc.With different seismic sources,icequakes in Antarctica have broad band frequency and magnitude,which are representative in the global cryosphere.The change of the Antarctic ice sheet is an important factor affecting global climate,so It is of great significance to study the icequakes about those glacial changes.In this paper,we first list the research areas of glacial seismology in Antarctica and summarize five types of icequakes.Second,details of the common types of icequakes located in Antarctic ice streams,outlet glaciers,ice shelves and icebergs are given.Then,the glacial seismology studies about the Rutford Ice Stream,Whillans Ice Stream,Ross Ice Shelf and Thwaites Glacier are introduced in detail.On these basis,we discuss the opportunities and challenges of glacial seismology study in Antarctica.

关 键 词：南极 冰震 冰川地震学 南极冰川 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]