磨刀门水道输水水库群饮用水源水质的时空变化  

Spatiotemporal Variation in Water Quality of Modaomen Waterway Conveyance Reservoir Drinking Water Sources

作　　者：张坤锋 昌盛[1] 张琦 王恩瑞 谢琼[1] 张茉莉[1] 樊月婷 杨光[1] 付青[1] ZHANG Kun-feng;CHANG Sheng;ZHANG Qi;WANG En-rui;XIE Qiong;ZHANG Mo-li;FAN Yue-ting;YANG Guang;FU Qing(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护饮用水水源地保护重点实验室,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室,北京100012 [2]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《环境科学》2022年第12期5509-5521,共13页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200804-02);生态环境部饮用水水源及重大工程项目区环境监管项目(2110302)。

摘　　要：饮用水源水质保护是保障饮用水安全供应的重要环节,分析饮用水源水质及时空变化可为水源地水质提升方案的制定提供重要基础.因此,本研究结合我国《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)和加拿大环境水质指数部长理事会(CCME-WQI)对粤港澳大湾区磨刀门水道及受其供水的杨寮水库、乾务水库、竹银水库、竹仙洞水库和大镜山水库群丰水期及枯水期10种常规水质指标进行评价,探讨水质的时空分布特征并进行江库连动和库库连通供水模式下水质相关性分析.结果表明,珠海市磨刀门水道和5个水库水质中氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)和氯化物这4个指标均不同程度地超过了Ⅲ类水质标准限值,最大值分别为2.22、0.28、5.38和1620 mg·L^(-1).受到咸潮上溯和地表径流等影响,水质指标表现出明显的时空差异(P<0.05).CCME-WQI值表明,珠海磨刀门水道输水水库群水质质量总体一般,空间上水质质量优劣排序为:杨寮水库(93.21)>竹仙洞水库(84.71)>竹银水库(82.57)>乾务水库(77.62)>大镜山水库(68.35)>磨刀门水道(63.40).水质相关性分析表明大镜山水库和竹银水库水质情况受到了磨刀门水道的影响,是改善水源水质的主要治理对象.The protection of drinking water source water quality is an important link to ensure the safe supply of drinking water,and analysis of the spatiotemporal changes in drinking water source water quality can provide an important basis for the formulation of water source water quality improvement plans.Therefore,this study combined China's surface water environmental quality standards(GB 3838-2002)and Canadian Council of Ministers of Environmental Water Quality Index(CCME-WQI)on the Modaomen Waterway in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Yangliao Reservoir,Qianwu Reservoir,Zhuyin Reservoir,Zhuxiandong Reservoir,and Dajingshan Reservoir,which are supplied by it.Ten conventional water quality indicators during the flood and dry periods were evaluated,the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of water quality were discussed,and the water quality in the water supply mode of river-reservoir linkage and reservoir-reservoir connection was carried out.The results showed that four water quality indexes,including ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)+-N),total phosphorus(TP),total nitrogen(TN),and chloride,exceeded ClassⅢwater quality standards of Modaomen Waterway and the five reservoirs in Zhuhai;the maximum values were 2.22,0.28,5.38,and 1620 mg·L^(-1),respectively.Affected by salt tides and surface runoff,the spatiotemporal differences in water quality indicators were significant(P<0.05).The CCME-WQI value showed that the water quality of the Modaomen Waterway water delivery reservoir group in Zhuhai was fair,and Yangliao Reservoir(93.21)>Zhuxiandong Reservoir(84.71)>Zhuyin Reservoir(82.57)>Qianwu Reservoir(77.62)>Dajingshan Reservoir(68.35)>Modaomen Waterway(63.40).The correlation analysis of water quality showed that the water quality of Dajingshan Reservoir and Zhuyin Reservoir was mainly affected by Modaomen Waterway,and they were the main control objects to improve water quality.

关 键 词：珠海市 饮用水源水质 时空变化 水质指数 水质相关性 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]