北京地方文物管理机构的变迁:初建时期——《北京志·文物卷·文物志》补述  

Changes in Local Cultural Heritage Management Institutions in Beijing During the Early Years of the People’s Republic of China(1949–1955):Further Discussions about Records of Beijing:Records of Cultural Heritage in Volume of Cultural Heritage·

作　　者：白岩 Bai Yan(Capital Museum,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]首都博物馆,北京100038

出　　处：《中国文化遗产》2022年第6期70-78,共9页China Cultural Heritage

摘　　要：1951年北京市文物调查组的成立,标志着北京地方文物管理机构从无到有,为保障新中国文物保护政策法规在北京地区的实施提供了组织保障。文物调查组在首都发展建设中保护了大量文物,并开启了真正意义上的北京现代考古,为北京文物事业之后几十年的发展奠定了重要的基础。《北京志·文物卷·文物志》对北京文物事业50年发展历程进行了较系统整理和阐述,但对新中国初期北京文物管理机构的记述较为简略。以往北京考古研究综述对这一阶段笔墨也不多。通过对已公开资料的研究,可再厘清补证,并对北京市文物调查组的成立时间、职能任务、机构组织、领导关系等进行更深层次的探讨。After the People’s Republic of China was founded,Chinese leaders paid much attention to cultural heritage protection.Accordlingly,special institutions were established across China one after another to manage cultural heritage protection,and China witnessed its first peak of development in cultural heritage protection.As the capital of China,Beijing needed to take urgent action to protect historical and cultural heritage during its urban development.In 1951,the Beijing municipal government established a cultural heritage task force as a subsidiary of the Culture and Education Commission to oversee the protection and management of cultural heritage in Beijing.The task force experienced many institutional reforms after its establishment.Based on archives and other information available,the author reviewed the changes in local cultural heritage management institutions in Beijing from the following aspects:their establishment,functions,affiliations,and staff structure to attract more attention from scholars to this subject.Records of Beijing:Records of Cultural Heritage in Volume of Cultural Heritage reviewed and summarized the management of cultural heritage in Beijing.Between 1949 and 2000,Beijing’s cultural heritage was managed by four different institutions in chronological sequence as follows:the Military Control Commission just after the liberation of Beijing;the Culture and Education Commission of the Beijing municipal government;the Beijing Municipal Culture Bureau;and the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Heritage Management.For more than six years between 1949 and 1955,Beijing’s cultural heritage was managed first by the Military Control Commission and then by the Culture and Education Commission.This period was critical for Beijing to start its undertakings on cultural heritage protection,and laid an important foundation for Beijing to advance its undertakings on cultural heritage,archaeology,and museums.This book has brief descriptions about this period with some minor mistakes.By reviewing archi

关 键 词：文物保护 管理机构 新中国北京文物事业 文物志 文物调查组 

分 类 号：K872[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]