热塑性聚氨酯/钛酸钡复合粉体的选择性激光烧结研究  

Study on the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer/barium titanate composite powder by selective laser sintering

作　　者：李雪[1] 王金志 费国霞[1] Li Xue;Wang Jinzhi;Fei Guoxia(State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(Sichuan University),Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065)

机构地区：[1]高分子材料工程国家重点实验室四川大学高分子研究所,成都610065

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2022年第11期103-108,共6页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0111500)。

摘　　要：将热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)和压电陶瓷钛酸钡粉末(BaTiO_(3))熔融挤出,超低温粉碎,制备了选择性激光烧结(SLS)3D打印复合粉体。同时将商业化纯TPU SLS粉末和BaTiO_(3)粉末经高速搅拌制备了复合粉体。3D打印后,前者得到了海岛结构BaTiO_(3)均匀分散的结构,后者在TPU基体形成了BaTiO_(3)的隔离网络结构。对比分析了这两种结构以及打印参数、极化条件对复合材料打印制件力学性能以及电学输出的影响。结果表明:海岛结构由于没有形成网络通路,更有利于储存电荷,益于材料的机电转化。TPU/BaTiO_(3)复合材料兼具了TPU的柔性和BaTiO_(3)的压电特性,在受到机械力的撞击时,压电效应和擦电效应协同作用,具有优异的电学输出。在外力撞击25s后,SLS打印的TPU/BaTiO_(3)熔融挤出复合材料的最大开路电压为19V,短路电流为230nA。Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer(TPU)and piezoelectric ceramic barium titanate(BaTiO_(3))were blended by melt extrusion and crushed the composite at ultra-low temperature to obtain a powder for selective laser sintering(SLS)3D printing.Meanwhile,another composite powder was prepared by mixing the commercial pure TPU SLS powder and BaTiO_(3) powder at high speed mechanical stirring.After SLS 3D printing,the former formed the uniformly dispersed structure of BaTiO_(3) island structure,while the latter formed the segregated network structure of BaTiO_(3) in the TPU matrix.The effects of the two structures,printing parameters and polarization conditions on the mechanical properties and electrical output of the SLS-printed parts were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the island structure was more conducive to charge storage and electromechanical conversion because there was no network pathway in TPU/BaTiO_(3) composite.TPU/BaTiO_(3) composite possessed both the flexibility of TPU and the piezoelectric properties of BaTiO_(3),so it had excellent electrical output due to the synergism of triboelectricity effect and piezoelectric effect when impacted by mechanical force.After 25s of external impact,the maximum open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of TPU/BaTiO_(3) melt-extruded composite printed by SLS were 19V and 230nA respectively.

关 键 词：选择性激光烧结 均匀分散结构 压电效应 擦电效应 协同作用 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业] TM53[电气工程—电器]