脱落酸对水稻抽穗开花期高温胁迫的诱抗效应  

Priming Effect of Abscisic Acid on High Temperature Stress During Rice Heading-flowering Stage

作　　者：刘晓龙 季平 杨洪涛 丁永电[1,2] 付佳玲 梁江霞 余聪聪 Xiaolong Liu;Ping Ji;Hongtao Yang;Yongdian Ding;Jialing Fu;Jiangxia Liang;Congcong Yu(Yichun University,Yichun 336000,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Universities and Colleges for Selenium Agriculture,Yichun 336000,China)

机构地区：[1]宜春学院,宜春336000 [2]江西省高等学校硒农业工程技术研究中心,宜春336000

出　　处：《植物学报》2022年第5期596-610,共15页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(No.GJJ190868);江西省自然科学基金(No.20202BABL213046)。

摘　　要：为探究脱落酸(ABA)对水稻(Oryza sativa)抽穗开花期高温胁迫的诱抗效应,以江西省主推水稻品种黄华占为材料,于孕穗期用蒸馏水、ABA溶液(10、50和100µmol·L^(-1))、氟啶酮(FLU)和原花青素(PC)6种溶液进行叶面喷施,然后移入对照(CK)和高温胁迫(HS)环境处理8天,考查籽粒活性氧(ROS)积累、抗氧化防御能力、产量构成及相关基因的表达。结果表明,高温胁迫下,水稻的穗长、穗重、结实率、千粒重和产量与超氧阴离子和过氧化氢含量呈显著负相关。高温胁迫下,喷施ABA显著上调了ABA应答和抗氧化防御基因的表达,籽粒中活性氧含量下降了8.24%-31.35%;喷施ABA显著增加了水稻的穗长、穗重、结实率和千粒重,显著上调了产量形成基因的表达,增产12.73%-20.77%。高温胁迫下,喷施FLU可抑制ABA的生物合成,导致ROS过量积累和水稻减产;喷施抗氧化剂PC则抑制ROS过量积累,使产量增加。以上结果表明,高温胁迫下,孕穗期喷施ABA不仅能够激发ABA信号通路,而且上调抗氧化防御能力和产量形成基因的表达,进而提高水稻在抽穗开花期的耐热性,达到增产目的。To understand the priming effect of abscisic acid(ABA)on high temperature stress during rice heading-flowering stage,Huanghuazhan,a main rice variety in Jiangxi province,was used as experimental material.Six kinds of solutions were arranged to spray on rice at the booting stage,including distilled water,ABA solution(10,50 and 100µmol·L^(-1)),fluridone(FLU)and proanthocyanidins(PC),then the rice plants were moved to control(CK)and high temperature stress(HS)conditions for 8 d.The effects of ABA by spraying at booting stage were measured by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),antioxidant defense capacity,yield components and the expression levels of related genes.The results showed that significant negative correlations were detected between the panicle length,panicle weight,percentage of filled spikelets,1000-kernel weight,grain yield and contents of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide respectively.Spraying ABA solution significantly upregulated the expression of ABA-responsive and antioxidant defense genes,and decreased contents of ROS by 8.24%-31.35%under high temperature stress.The panicle length,panicle weight,percentage of filled spikelets and 1000-kernel weight were significantly increased by spraying ABA solution,as well as the expression levels of yield related genes.The grain yield was increased by 12.73%-20.77%by spraying ABA solution under high temperature stress.The application of the ABA biosynthesis inhibitor,FLU,inhibited the ABA biosynthesis and leaded to excessive accumulation of ROS and yield loss under high temperature stress.While application of the antioxidant PC inhibited the excessive accumulation of ROS and improved grain yield under high temperature stress.These results suggested that spraying ABA solution at booting stage enhanced tolerance to high temperature stress in rice at heading-flowering stage by upregulating not only ABA signaling pathway,but also antioxidant defense activity and yield related genes,so as to further improve grain yield under high temperature str

关 键 词：水稻 脱落酸 高温胁迫 活性氧 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]