蒸汽压片玉米、棕榈脂肪粉对奶水牛泌乳性能、氮磷排放量的影响  

Effect of steam-pressed corn and palm fat powder on lactating performance,nitrogen and phosphorus emission of milk buffalo

作　　者：刘萍 赵敏霖 李清[1] 张发强 申晓静 梅国栋 赵家华 毛华明[1] LIU Ping;ZHAO Min-lin;LI Qing;ZHANG Fa-qiang;SHEN Xiao-jing;MEI Guo-dong;ZHAO Jia-hua;MAo Hua-ming

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院云南省动物营养与饲料重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]德宏州畜牧站,云南德宏678400 [3]双江拉祜族佤族傣族布朗族自治县农业农村局畜牧兽医技术推广中心,云南临沧677300

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第20期1-6,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2018YFD0501600);云南农业大学科研启动项目(项目编号:A2032002541)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究蒸汽压片玉米和棕榈脂肪粉对奶水牛泌乳性能、日粮营养物质表观消化率及氮磷排放量的影响。选择胎次、泌乳天数、产奶量相近的健康德宏三元杂交奶水牛9头,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复1头奶水牛。对照组(CK组)奶水牛饲喂基础日粮,试验A组用蒸汽压片玉米替换基础日粮中的玉米,试验B组在试验A组的基础上使用2%棕榈脂肪粉替代等量的蒸汽压片玉米。试验期40 d,其中预试期10 d,正式试验期30 d。结果显示:B组奶水牛的平均日产奶量显著高于A组(P<0.05),而A组奶水牛的平均日产奶量显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。B组奶水牛的4%标准乳含量显著高于A组(P<0.05)。A组牛奶中无脂干物质含量显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。B组奶水牛粗蛋白(CP)表观消化率显著低于A组(P<0.05)。B组奶水牛的粪氮排放量和总氮排放量均显著高于A组(P<0.05),A组奶水牛的粪氮、尿氮、总氮排放量均显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。各组奶水牛磷摄入量、磷利用率、粪磷、尿磷和总磷排放量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,蒸汽压片玉米可提高奶水牛的产奶量,降低乳蛋白和无脂干物质含量,提高氮利用率;棕榈脂肪粉可显著提高奶水牛的产奶量,降低CP的表观消化率,对乳成分和氮磷利用率无影响。The experiment was conducted to study the effect of steam-pressed corn flakes and palm fat powder on lactation performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus emission of dairy buffalo. Nine healthy Dehong three-way hybrid milk buffalo with similar parity, lactation days and milk yield were randomly divided into three groups, with three replicates in each group and one milk buffalo in each replicate. Buffalo in control group(group CK)were fed with basal diet, the crushed corn in basal diet was replaced by steam-pressed corn in group A, and the same volume of steam-pressed corn was replaced by 2% palm fat powder in group B on the basis of group A. The experiment lasted for 40 d, including 10 d of pre-trial and 30 d of formal trial. The results showed that the daily milk yield of group B was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05), and the daily milk yield of group A was significantly higher than that of group CK(P<0.05). The 4% standard milk content in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05). The fat-free dry matter content of group A was significantly lower than that of group CK(P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude protein(CP) in group B was significantly lower than that in group A(P<0.05). The fecal nitrogen emissions and total nitrogen emissions in group B were significantly higher than those in group A(P<0.05), and the fecal nitrogen, urinary nitrogen and total nitrogen emissions in group A were significantly lower than those in group CK (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in P intake, P utilization, fecal P, urinary P and total P emissions among all groups(P>0.05). The study indicates that steam-pressed corn can increase milk yield of buffalo, decrease protein and fat-free dry matter content, increase nitrogen utilization. Palm fat powder can significantly increase milk yield and decrease CP digestibility, but has no effect on milk composition and nitrogen and phosphorus utilization.

关 键 词：蒸汽压片玉米 棕榈脂肪粉 奶水牛 泌乳性能 氮磷排放量 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]