福山民主观的变与常  

Change and Constancy in Francis Fukuyama’s Concept of Democracy

作　　者：漆程成 Qi Chengcheng

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学政治与行政学院

出　　处：《政治思想史》2022年第4期171-187,200,共18页Journal of the History of Political Thought

基　　金：天津市教委科研计划项目“大变局背景下福山民主观的转变研究”(项目编号:2021SK165)的阶段成果。

摘　　要：福山的民主观以“历史终结论”为起点。伴随着时代变迁,其理论也在不断发展。通过对当代西方民主的反思,福山试图构建一种宏大的政治现代化理论,并通过国家、法治、民主负责制构成的政治秩序来重述世界政治发展史,从而为政治衰败问题提供全新的理论解释。表面上看,福山的民主观从“历史终结论”到对当代西方民主的一系列反思,前后形成了鲜明对比。但就实质而言,福山的民主观并没有多少变化,他自始至终都在为自由民主的普遍性辩护。当然,在反思当代西方民主的过程中,福山提出了国家建构的优先性、权力的可问责性、政府的回应性等观点,其对发展中国家的政治现代化具有一定借鉴价值。Starting from“the End of History”,Francis Fukuyama’s view of democracy has been developing with the changes of the times.Based on the reflection of contemporary Western democracy,Fukuyama tried to build a grand theory of political modernization,and to restate the history of world politics through the political order constituted by the state,the rule of law and the accountable government,thus providing a new theoretical explanation for political decline.Superficially,Fukuyama’s view of democracy has formed a sharp contrast between“the End of History”and a series of reflections on contemporary Western democracy.But in essence,Fukuyama’s view of democracy has not changed much,and has always defended the universality of liberal democracy.Fukuyama’s views on the priority of state construction,the accountability of power,and the responsiveness of government in the process of reflecting on contemporary Western democracy have certain reference value for the political modernization of developing countries.

关 键 词：弗朗西斯·福山 “历史终结论” 自由民主 民主治理 

分 类 号：D082[政治法律—政治学]