后现代主义的祛魅与反思——艾伦·伍德“政治马克思主义”的后现代主义观评析  

Disenchantment and Reflection of Postmodernism——An Analysis of Ellen Wood’s Post-modernism View of Political Marxism

作　　者：冯旺舟[1,2,3] FENG Wang-zhou(Zhongnan University of Economics and Law)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学马克思主义学院 [2]武昌理工学院 [3]中央编译局

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期35-41,共7页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“国外‘政治马克思主义’研究”(21BKS130)。

摘　　要：艾伦·伍德认为,资本逻辑的全球扩张并不代表出现了一个后现代主义的时期,也不能说是现代性的终结,而只能说是资本逻辑在当代新的发展。后现代主义本质上是反马克思主义的西方思潮,其具有否定一切、怀疑一切,否定宏大叙事和普遍主义,主张差异和多元化等特点。后现代主义否定阶级政治,强调话语政治,质疑启蒙运动的价值,但是后现代主义自身就是启蒙运动产物,并走向启蒙运动的反面。无论后现代主义如何标榜自己,其背离马克思主义,粉饰资本主义,走向逻辑自戕的结果并没有改变。后现代主义实质上主张一种碎片化的解构式的历史观,它否定启蒙运动的价值观。伍德对后现代主义的批判能够解蔽当代资本主义的发展态势,揭示资本逻辑与全球化的关系及其当代效应。伍德对后现代主义的分析,使我们进一步认识到,我们的这个时代的确已经发生了历史性的变化,但是资本主义并没有向着“普遍的人类之善”方面发展,反而越来越显露出其非正义性和矛盾性。Ellen Wood believes that the universality of capitalism does not mean that there has been a period of postmodernism,nor is it the end of modernity,but it can only be said that capital logic has developed in the contemporary era.Postmodernism is essentially an anti-Marxist Western trend of thought.It has the characteristics of negating everything,doubting everything,negating grand narratives and universalism,advocating differences and pluralism.Postmodernism negates class politics,emphasizes discourse politics,questioning the value of the Enlightenment,however,it is itself a product of the Enlightenment and moves toward its opposite.No matter how much postmodernism flaunts itself,its departure from Marxism,whitewashing capitalism,and moving toward logical suicide have not changed.Postmodernism essentially advocates a view of history of fragmentary and deconstructive,which denies the values of the enlightenment,but it is itself the product of the modernity created by the enlightenment.Wood’s criticism of postmodernism can shed light on the development of contemporary capitalism and reveal the relationship between capital logic and globalization and its contemporary effects.Wood’s analysis of the postmodernism is a further reminder that our times have indeed changed historically,but that capitalism has not moved towards“universal human goodness”,on the contrary,it increasingly reveals its injustice and contradiction.

关 键 词：后现代主义 启蒙运动 话语政治 知识分子 

分 类 号：B089.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论]