父母教养方式与亲子关系:基于主客体互倚模型的分析  

Parenting Styles and Parent-Child Relationships:The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model

作　　者：徐鑫锫 朱莉 李燕[1] 熊佳欣 XU Xin-pei;ZHU Li;LI Yan;XIONG Jia-xin(Shanghai Early Childhood Education College,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;Jian Guo Kindergarten of Shanghai,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学上海学前教育学院,上海200234 [2]上海机关建国幼儿园,上海200030

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2022年第6期1423-1427,1432,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：上海师范大学校级人文社会科学研究国家社科青年培育项目(编号:310-AC7031-20-003010)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨父母教养方式与亲子关系之间的关系。方法:采用教养方式和亲子关系量表对545名学前儿童的父母进行问卷调查。结果:①父母权威教养均显著正向预测各自的亲子亲密、负向预测各自的亲子冲突,对配偶的亲子关系影响不显著;②父亲专制教养显著负向预测自己和配偶的亲子亲密、正向预测自己和配偶的亲子冲突,母亲专制教养显著负向预测自己的亲子亲密、正向预测自己和配偶的亲子冲突;③女孩而非男孩的母亲权威教养负向预测父子冲突;男孩的父亲专制教养对亲子亲密的消极影响显著高于女孩。结论:学前儿童父母的权威教养与亲子关系间为主体效应,专制教养与亲子关系间为主客体效应,且母亲权威教养对父子冲突、父亲专制教养对父子亲密的预测关系存在显著的儿童性别差异。Objective:To examine the relationship between parenting styles and parent-child relationships using the actor and partner interdependence model.Methods:545 mothers of preschool children were asked to complete the parenting styles and dimensions questionnaire and parent-child relationship scale.Results:①Fathers’and mothers’authoritative parenting style significantly positively predicted their own closeness and negatively predicted their own conflict with children,and had no significant prediction on their spouses’closeness and conflict with children;②Fathers’authoritarian parenting style significantly negatively predicted their own and spouses’closeness and positively predicted conflict with their children,and mothers’authoritarian parenting style significantly negatively predicted their own closeness and positively predicted their own and spouses’conflict with children;③Mothers’authoritative parenting style significantly negatively predicted father-child conflict for girls while not for boys;Fathers’authoritarian parenting style significantly negatively predicted father-child closeness for both girls and boys,but the magnitude of the prediction was greater for girls.Conclusion:For the relationship between authoritative parenting style and parent-child relationship,there were significant actor effects;and for the relationship between authoritarian parenting style and parent-child relationship,both actor and partner effects existed.Moreover,there were child gender difference in the relationship between mothers’authoritative parenting style and father-child conflict,and the relationship between fathers’authoritarian parenting style and father-child closeness.

关 键 词：主客体互倚模型 教养方式 亲子关系 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]