基于响应面与遗传算法的主轴系统动力学建模及参数修正  

Dynamic modeling and parameter updating of machine tool spindle system based on response surface methodology and genetic algorithm

作　　者：陈传海[1] 姚国祥 金桐彤 申桂香[1] 于立娟[1] 田海龙[1] CHEN Chuan-hai;YAO Guo-xiang;JIN Tong-tong;SHEN Gui-xiang;YU Li-juan;TIAN Hai-long(Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability,Ministry of Education,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学数控装备可靠性教育部重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2022年第10期2278-2286,共9页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975249);面向机床行业大中型数控机床关键加工装备项目(TC210H035)。

摘　　要：针对在建立主轴系统的动力学模型时采用简化处理带来较大的误差问题,提出了一种融合响应面与遗传算法的主轴系统动力学建模方法。首先,考虑切削过程中主轴与刀柄之间的结合面刚度以及主轴轴承的支撑刚度,建立主轴系统的动力学模型;其次,通过对比刚性连接和柔性连接时主轴系统的前三阶固有频率,分析影响主轴系统动力学特性的主要因素;然后,基于主轴系统的动力学模型构造接触刚度的样本点,以样本点中的主轴与刀柄的结合面刚度作为输入参数,主轴系统的一阶、二阶和三阶固有频率作为输出参数,采用非参数回归方法构造响应面模型,利用决定系数和均方根误差的相对值检验响应面的精度;最后,通过多目标遗传算法修正主轴-刀柄结合面的刚度,以此为基础修正主轴系统的动力学模型,从而提高主轴系统动力学模型的精度。以某主轴系统为例,通过对比修正前后的分析精度,验证基于响应面和遗传算法的主轴动力学分析的准确性。Considering that the simplified processing in the process of establishing the dynamic model of the spindle system will lead to a large error,a dynamic modeling method based on response surface and genetic algorithm is proposed.Firstly,the dynamic model of the spindle system is established by considering the stiffness of the spindle-holder joint surface and the bearing support stiffness.Secondly,the main factors that affect the accuracy of dynamics analysis are developed by comparing the first three natural frequencies of the spindle system model with rigid and flexible connections.Then,sample points of contact stiffness are constructed based on the dynamics model of the spindle system,and the stiffness of the spindle-holder joint in the sample point is used as the input parameter,then the first,second,and third order natural frequency are used as the output parameters,and the non-parametric regression method is used to fit the response surface.The relative value of the determination coefficient and the root mean square error is used to test the accuracy of the response surface.The multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to update the stiffness of spindle-holder joint,which is used to update the dynamic model of the spindle system.Finally,a case study shows that the proposed method based on the fusion response surface methodology and optimization algorithm has higher analysis accuracy.

关 键 词：主轴系统 动力学分析 响应面 多目标遗传算法 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论]