波浪作用下半潜式养殖网箱水动力特性  

Hydrodynamic Characteristics of a Semisubmersible Aquaculture Cage under Waves

作　　者：崔勇[1] 关长涛[1] 秦升杰 公丕海[1] 王新军 CUI Yong;GUAN Changtao;QIN Shengjie;GONG Pihai;WANG Xinjun(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;Dongying Kanghua Ocean Technology Co.,LTD,Dongying,Shandong 257599,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点试验室,山东青岛266071 [2]东营市康华海洋科技有限公司,山东东营257599

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2022年第6期11-17,共7页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900902);国家自然科学基金(31772898);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-47-G22);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金(2020TD51)共同资助。

摘　　要：半潜式深远海养殖网箱在波浪作用下会发生变形与运动。为保证网箱结构的稳定性,需对其水动力特性进行分析。本研究基于有限元法建立了波浪作用下一种半潜式网箱的数值模型,通过仿真计算求解网箱的锚绳受力与运动情况。首先,将计算机模拟值与物理水槽试验值进行比较,验证数值模型的准确性。然后,分别研究了半潜式网箱在3种压载状态下的动力响应情况,分析比较了不同波浪条件下网箱锚绳张力、垂荡、纵荡和纵摇的计算结果。结果显示,计算值与试验值基本吻合,二者的相对误差在5%左右。当波高一定时,网箱迎浪侧和背浪侧锚绳受力与波浪周期改变无明显关联;当周期一定时,两侧锚绳受力均随波高的增加而增大。网箱的垂荡、纵荡及纵摇值均与波高呈正相关,随着半潜式网箱吃水的增加,网箱的垂荡、纵荡及纵摇值基本呈减小趋势。网箱在3种压载状态下最大垂荡值和纵荡值分别为12.67m和10.59m,网箱在空载状态下的最大纵摇值≤15°,表明半潜式网箱结构具有较好的稳定性。研究结果可为我国深远海养殖网箱设计提供理论参考。There is strategic demand in China to open up space for deep-sea aquaculture and develop related large-scale base-station equipment and technology. Research and development of deep-sea aquaculture cages will greatly promote the spatial expansion and production-mode transformation of aquaculture in China and improve the utilization capacity of deep-sea and fishery resources. Generally,large cages located in deep water are more vulnerable to strong currents, high waves, and typhoons than cages inshore. It is critical to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of such cages because of their rocking and drifting motions under heavy marine environmental loads. In this study, a numerical model of a semi-submersible cage under wave action was established based on the finite element method, and the mooring line tension and motion of the cage were calculated by simulations. The cage was modeled using the 3D modeling software Creo Elements/Pro. After model development, it was imported into ANSYS for pre-processing. The simplified cage structure model was imported into the ANSYS Workbench to divide the mesh;the hydrodynamic response and other data related to the cage structure could then be analyzed by establishing a wet surface model. The water depth calculated by numerical simulation in this study was 120 m. The cage adopts a 4-point anchoring form, and the length of the anchor rope is 360 m. The cage can reach a semi-submersible working state by adjusting the bottom pontoon. To compare the dynamic response characteristics of the cage under different draft conditions, three different working conditions were set for the semi-submersible cage: no-load(draft depth of 8.4 m), half-load(draft depth of 33.6 m),and full-load(draft depth of 43.2 m). First, the accuracy of the numerical model was verified by comparing the computer simulation values with the physical flume test values. Then, the dynamic responses of the semi-submersible cage were studied under three ballast conditions. Finally, the calculation results of the moori

关 键 词：水产养殖 波浪 水动力 网箱 深远海 有限元 

分 类 号：S969[农业科学—水产养殖]