3种养殖鱼消化相关酶活性的比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Digestive Enzyme Activities among Three Seriola Species

作　　者：崔爱君 徐永江[1] 柳学周[1] 姜燕[1] 李影 王开杰 方璐 王滨[1] CUI Aijun;XU Yongjiang;LIU Xuezhou;JIANG Yan;LI Ying;WANG Kaijie;FANG Lu;WANG Bin(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Joint Laboratory for Deep Blue Fishery Engineering of Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室深蓝渔业工程联合实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2022年第6期102-110,共9页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0900901,2018YFD0901204);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020TD47)、中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费(20603022021011,20603022020005);国家海洋水产种质资源库项目;财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系共同资助。

摘　　要：为深入了解鱼的消化生理特性,测定并比较分析了3种鱼[高体(Seriola dumerili)、黄条(Seriola lalandi)、五条(Seriola quinqueradiata)]的消化系统(胃、幽门盲囊、前肠、中肠、后肠和肝脏)中5种消化相关酶(胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶、碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶)活性与组织分布特点。结果显示,3种鱼中5种消化相关酶主要分布在幽门盲囊、肝脏和肠道中。3种鱼胃组织中胃蛋白酶活性无差异。幽门盲囊中胰蛋白酶活性:黄条>高体>五条(P<0.05),高体肝脏组织中胰蛋白酶活性显著高于其他2种鱼(P<0.05);胃、中肠、后肠组织中α-淀粉酶活性:五条>黄条>高体(P<0.05),幽门盲囊、前肠组织中α-淀粉酶活性:黄条>五条>高体(P<0.05);胃、幽门盲囊组织中脂肪酶活性:黄条>五条>高体(P<0.05),前肠、后肠、肝脏中脂肪酶活性:五条>黄条>高体(P<0.05);3种鱼的酸、碱性磷酸酶活性组织分布趋势基本一致,其中,黄条幽门盲囊组织中酸、碱性磷酸酶活性最高(P<0.05)。研究表明,3种鱼消化相关酶活性的组织分布特点基本一致,幽门盲囊是5种酶作用的主要靶器官,除胰蛋白酶外,高体其他4种酶活性均显著低于其他2种鱼,黄条幽门盲囊和肠道的5种酶活性显著偏高。结果可为揭示属鱼类的消化生理特性、研制适宜属鱼类消化特点和种特异性生长的高效专用配合饲料提供理论依据。Seriola fish are long-distance migratory oceanic species inhabiting temperate and subtropical waters worldwide. Nine species have been identified in the genus Seriola, of which three species, namely S. lalandi, S. dumerili, and S. quinqueradiata, are found in the coastal waters of China.Seriola fish are large and fast-growing, and their flesh is highly favored by international consumers owing to its excellent taste, nutritional quality, and economic value. Moreover, Seriola fish are promising candidates for different culture modes, including deep-sea cages and recirculatory aquaculture systems.Since 2017, China has witnessed a great breakthrough in the seedling production of S. lalandi.Subsequently, in 2020, we achieved a breakthrough in the seedling production of S. quinqueradiata. The Seriola fish farming industry was developed in Liaoning, Fujian, and Shandong provinces, with the annual farming yield reaching approximately 20 000 tons.At present, ice trash is the primary feed for Seriola. However, excess trash fish feeding can produce a severe environmental pressure on coastal waters, which is not beneficial for sustainable development of the Seriola fish farming industry. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop specific commercial feed to solve bottleneck problems, including culture inefficiency and environmental pressure. The key to developing a specific commercial feed is to understand the digestive system structure and nutritional physiological characteristics of fish. Therefore, the distribution patterns of digestive enzyme activities in Seriola species warrant immediate attention.In December 2020, 3-year-old S. dumerili, S. lalandi, and S. quinqueradiata were collected from a cage culture base in Ningde, Fujian Province. The experimental fish were fed ice trash twice daily. Fish were healthy and vigorous. The total length and body weight of four fish of each species were measured,and their visceral structures were observed and recorded. The average length and weight were respectively(62.380±0.805) cm a

关 键 词：高体 黄条 五条 消化酶活力 分布特征 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]