凡纳滨对虾工厂化养殖水体中微小辐环藻HY01的分离鉴定及对不同氮源的响应  

Isolation, Identification and Response of Actinocyclus exiguous HY01 to Different Nitrogen Sources from the Indoor Industrial Aquaculture System for Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：乔玲 任成喆 李健[3] 李铁军[1] 孙秀梅[1] QIAO Ling;REN Chengzhe;LI Jian;LI Tiejun;SUN Xiumei(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Zhoushan,Zhejiang 316021,China;Marine Science and Technology College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan,Zhejiang 316022,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室,浙江舟山316021 [2]浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院,浙江舟山316022 [3]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2022年第6期207-215,共9页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD0900403);浙江省海洋水产研究所博士启动基金项目(2020B01);浙江海洋大学博士启动基金项目(11034150220004)共同资助。

摘　　要：凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)工厂化养殖池中,一株硅藻在养殖中后期长期占优势,因其个体较小且细胞外壳覆盖一层硅质膜,难以用光学显微镜直接准确鉴定其分类地位。通过对该藻株进行分离纯化,利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜,结合分子生物学技术,鉴定该分离藻株为微小辐环藻HY01(Actinocyclus exiguous HY01)。藻细胞直径约为(11.4±1.0)μm,壳面上有很多小孔,光学显微镜下不可见,且壳中央的孔密度较壳边缘稀疏,壳边缘具有眼斑结构,有3~5个唇形突。以不同浓度氨氮和硝态氮为氮源培养微小辐环藻HY01,结果显示,微小辐环藻HY01均能利用氨氮和硝态氮进行生长,最适宜生长的氨氮和硝态氮浓度分别为600和882μmol/L,但以氨氮为氮源时微小辐环藻HY01的最大细胞密度、最高比生长速率以及蛋白含量均低于以硝态氮为氮源,表明微小辐环藻HY01可能更喜欢利用硝态氮,但对较高浓度的氨氮有一定的耐受性。Shrimp production has expanded rapidly over the last few decades in China. With the increasing production, water pollution has become increasingly serious. An increase in nutrients in water results in eutrophication, characterized by low oxygen, high ammonia, high phosphorus, and high frequency of algal blooms, which in turn influence shrimp growth and yield. Phytoplankton is an important component of aquaculture ecosystems. It is a direct or indirect food source for cultured organisms, and can remove nitrogen and phosphorus and maintain water quality. Constructing a benign phytoplankton community can improve the nitrogen pollutant absorption efficiency, improve the environment, and reduce the environmental pollution caused by cultivation. Certain phytoplankton groups,such as diatoms and green algae, are desirable for their high nutritional value and contribution to water quality. The use of phytoplankton to purify and regulate aquaculture water quality could reduce the negative impacts of aquaculture, which is an environmental protection option with a low cost, low energy consumption, high benefit, and considerable development potential. Microalgal growth is significantly affected by factors such as temperature, light, and nutrient conditions. Therefore, the environmental adaptability of microalgae is the primary consideration for selecting and cultivating algal species. In situ isolation and screening of algal species can reduce the stress response of microalgae, which is conducive to their normal ecological function of regulating water quality. In an indoor industrial aquaculture system for Litopenaeus vannamei, one diatom species was dominant for a significant amount of time in the middle and late stages of aquaculture in 2019. This alga was small and covered with a silica membrane layer, which was difficult to identify with a light microscope. The shrimps effectively grew in the ponds where this alga was the dominant species. To identify the algae and explore its application in water quality regulation in aq

关 键 词：微小辐环藻 鉴定 氨氮 硝态氮 生长特性 

分 类 号：Q175[生物学—水生生物学]