稻虾共作模式下不同投饲率对稻、虾生长及氮磷利用的影响  

Effects of crayfish feeding rate on rice growth,crayfish growth,and nitrogen and phosphorus utilization in the rice-crayfish co-culture

作　　者：韩光明[1,2] 吴雷明 张家宏 寇祥明[1,2] 王守红 徐荣[1,2] 唐鹤军 马林杰[1,2] 张诚信[1,2] 杨婷 HAN Guangming;WU Leiming;ZHANG Jiahong;KOU Xiangming;WANG Shouhong;XU Rong;TANG Hejun;MA Linjie;ZHANG Chengxin;YANG Ting(l.Agricultural Science Institute of Jiangsu Liriahe District,Yangzhou 225007,China;Research Center for Eco-Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou 225007,China;Jiangsu Puring Circular Agriculture Development Company Limited,Yangzhou 225000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州225007 [2]江苏省生态农业工程技术研究中心,江苏扬州225007 [3]江苏普兴循环农业发展有限公司,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2022年第5期10-17,共8页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(18)3061];江苏省现代农业产业技术体系专项[JATS(2020)233、JATS(2020)236];江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)项目(BE2018355-4);江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(NY-244);江苏省“333工程”项目(BRA2019181);扬州市重点研发计划(社会发展)项目(YZ2019048);扬州市现代农业发展(粮食优质高效发展)项目(2020)。

摘　　要：为优化稻虾共作模式的资源配置,节约生产成本,研究稻虾共作模式中小龙虾的投饲率对水体理化指标、小龙虾与水稻生长及氮、磷利用的影响。结果表明:各处理水质指标均未超出小龙虾的耐受范围,投饲率过高易导致底层水体溶氧过低;不投喂饲料显著降低小龙虾的成活率;随着投饲率的增加,小龙虾生长速度呈上升趋势,差异不显著,但饲料系数显著增加,适宜投饲率为2%~4%;随着投饲率的增加,能够改善水稻的部分农艺性状,具有提高水稻产量的趋势,但差异不显著;在各处理中,2%投饲率组氮、磷总利用率高于其他组,差异不显著。综合而言,在常规施肥条件下,稻虾共作模式中,投饲率提高可促进小龙虾生长,而投饲率的合理设置可提高氮、磷利用率,同时适当减少化肥的投入,避免氮、磷资源的浪费。In order to optimize the resource allocation and save production cost in the rice-crayfish co-culture,the effects of cray fish feeding rate on the growth,nitrogen and phosphorus utilization of rice and crayfish were studied.The results showed that the water quality indexes of all treatments were not beyond the tolerance range of crayfish,and high feeding rate had the risk of too low dissolved oxygen in the bottom.The survival rate of crayfish was significantly reduced without feeding.With the increase of feeding rate,the growth rate of crayfish showed an upward trend,and the difference was not significant,but the feed coefficient was significantly increased.It is suggested that the appropriate feeding rate is 2%-4%.With the increase of feeding rate,some agronomic traits of rice could be improved,and rice yield tended to be increased,but there were no significant differences.Among all treatments,the total utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus in 2%feeding rate group was higher than that in other groups,but there was no significant difference.In conclusion,under the condition of conventional fertilization,the increase of feeding rate can promote the growth of crayfish,and the appropriate feeding rate can improve the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus in the culture.Meanwhile,the input of fertilizer should be reduced appropriately to avoid the waste of resources caused by the high input of nitrogen and phosphorus in the rice-crayfish co-culture.

关 键 词：水稻 小龙虾 投饲率 氮磷利用 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖] S511[农业科学—水产科学]