高空间分辨率大带宽分布式光纤振动传感系统  

Distributed Optical Fiber Vibration Sensing System with High Spatial Resolution and Large Bandwidth

作　　者：赵艳夺 王目光[1] 张静[1] 李东辉 陈德胜[2] 黄晓砥[2] Zhao Yanduo;Wang Muguang;Zhang Jing;Li Donghui;Chen Desheng;Huang Xiaodi(Key Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network,Ministry of Education,Institute of Lightwave Technology,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;State Key Laboratory of Acoustics,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学光波技术研究所全光网络与现代通信网教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]中国科学院声学研究所声场声信息国家重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《光学学报》2022年第19期23-31,共9页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2006217,61775015);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021JBZ103)。

摘　　要：基于频分复用和同相/正交(I/Q)接收技术,提出了一种具有高空间分辨率的大带宽分布式光纤振动传感解调方案,并对其进行了理论分析和数值仿真研究。该分布式振动传感结构包含马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)与时间门控数字光频域反射仪(TGD-OFDR),其中,MZI输出信号的相位采用零差法解调,用于检测振动信号的频率与幅度;而TGDOFDR则是通过外差探测技术实现振动信号的定位。数值仿真结果表明,所提系统的可测振动频率上限达兆赫兹量级,4 km传感光纤上的空间分辨率可达0.5 m。该分布式振动传感系统同时具有高空间分辨率与大检测带宽的优势,在民用基础设施健康监测和石油天然气管道泄漏监测等领域具有潜在应用价值。By using the two technologies of frequency division multiplexing and in-phase/quadrature(I/Q) receiving, this paper proposes a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing demodulation scheme with high spatial resolution and large bandwidth. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are carried out. This distributed vibration sensing structure is composed of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI) and a time-gated digital optical frequency-domain reflectometry(TGDOFDR). Specifically, the phase of the MZI output signal is demodulated by the homodyne method to detect the frequency and amplitude of the vibration signal, whereas TGD-OFDR enables the positioning of the vibration signal through heterodyne detection. The numerical simulation results show that the upper limit of the vibration frequency which the proposed system can detect reaches the order of magnitude of MHz, and the spatial resolution on the 4-km sensing optical fiber is up to 0. 5 m. This distributed vibration sensing system, with the advantages of high spatial resolution and large detection bandwidth, has application potential in civil infrastructure health monitoring and oil and gas pipeline leakage monitoring.

关 键 词：光纤光学 光纤传感 分布式振动传感 时间门控数字光频域反射仪 光纤干涉仪 空间分辨率 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]