氮磷钾配施下赤红壤区粉葛的肥料效应及产量和品质研究  

Fertilizer Effect,Yield and Quality of Pueraria thomsonii Benth in Lateritic Red Soil Area Under Combined Application of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium

作　　者：王艳[1] 许振欣 何明慧 黄廉康 欧昆鹏[1] 王学礼[2] WANG Yan;XU Zhenxin;HE Minghui;HUANG Liankang;OU Kunpeng;WANG Xueli(Biotechnology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院生物技术研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《核农学报》2022年第9期1869-1877,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204056);广西藤县粉葛试验站项目(桂TS201431);广西农业科学院基本业务专项(桂农科2021YT091)。

摘　　要：为探明赤红壤区粉葛(Pueraria thomsonii Benth)高效栽培的合理施肥技术,采用“3414”随机区组设计,研究氮、磷、钾配施对桂中南赤红壤区粉葛的肥料效应及产量和品质的影响,通过拟合肥料效应函数方程确定粉葛种植的最优施肥配方。结果表明,粉葛的产量及经济效益随着氮、磷、钾施肥量的增加表现出先上升后下降的趋势,减量施肥(1水平)、正常施肥(2水平)和过量施肥(3水平)处理的产量分别较不施肥处理提高了59%、87%和42%,经济效益也相应增加了53%、79%和32%,而缺素处理(NPK、NPK、NPK)结果与对照差异不显著。减量施氮(NPK)处理的粉葛淀粉含量(40%)最高,减量施肥(NPK、NPK、NPK)处理的葛根素含量平均值为1.65 mg·g^(-1),高于其他处理;肥料的交互效应显示,N与P存在正交互作用,而N、P与K均呈负交互作用。NPK配施方案更能兼顾粉葛的产量和品质,以产量、品质及经济效益为目标,对多元回归模型进行优化,明确桂中南赤红壤区条件下粉葛产量≥35000 kg·hm^(-2)、经济效益≥150000元·hm^(-2)的施肥方案为施氮(N)量312~455 kg·hm^(-2),施磷(PO)量397~547 kg·hm^(-2),施钾(KO)量362~489 kg·hm^(-2)。本研究结果可为赤红壤区粉葛精准、规范化施肥提供科学依据。The“3414”randomized block design was used to explore the rational fertilization technology for efficient cultivation of Pueraria thomsonii Benth in lateritic red soil area,and the fertilizer effect and its effect on the yield and quality of Pueraria thomsonii Benth were investigated in lateritic red soil in central and southern Guangxi area under the combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The Optimal Fertilization Formula of Pueraria thomsonii Benth planting was determined by fitting the fertilizer benefit function equation.Results showed that yield and quality of Pueraria thomsonii was influenced by different fertilizer treatments.In comparison to no fertilization treatment,the average yields of low amount fertilization treatment,medium amount fertilization treatment and high fertilization treatment were significantly increased by 59%,87%and 42%,respectively.The content of starch and the content of puerarin had different requirements for amount of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)in Pueraria thomsonii Benth.The content of starch(40%)in low amount nitrogen(N)fertilization treatment were the highest.The average content of Puerarin was 1.65(mg·g^(-1))in low treatments higher than other treatments.The interaction effect of fertilizer showed that there was a positive interaction between N and P,while there was a negative interaction between N,P and K.Considering the yield and quality of Pueraria lobata,NPKcombined application scheme could give more attention to the yield and quality of Pueraria thomsonii Benth.Aiming at the yield,quality and economic benefits,the multiple regression models was optimized.It was clear that the fertilization scheme for the yield of Pueraria thomsonii Benth≥35000 kg·hm^(-2)and economic benefits≥150000 yuan·hm^(-2)in lateritic red soil in central and southern Guangxi area was nitrogen application rate(N)312~455 kg·hm^(-2),phosphorus application rate(PO)397~547 kg·hm^(-2)and potassium application rate(KO)362~489 kg·hm^(-2).The results provide scient

关 键 词：赤红壤 粉葛 肥料效应 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]