施氮量及氮磷钾配比对土壤养分及烤烟生长发育的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Ratio of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Soil Nutrients and Growth and Development of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：祝利 钟广 曹明锋 黄松青 汤烨 曾科涵 帅开峰 徐坚强 邓江涛 孔午圆 ZHU Li;ZHONG Guang;CAO Mingfeng;HUANG Songqing;TANG Ye;ZENG Kehan;SUAI Kaifeng;XU Jianqiang;DENG Jiangtao;KONG Wuyuan(Changde Branch of Hunan Tobacco Company,Changde,Hunan 415000,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省烟草公司常德市公司,湖南常德415000 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2022年第6期525-529,567,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：常德市烟草公司项目(2019430700840183)。

摘　　要：为了探讨施氮量及氮磷钾配比对植烟土壤及烤烟生长发育的影响,以云烟87为材料,开展了不同施肥模式对土壤主要养分及烤烟生长发育特性的影响研究。结果表明:不同处理对烟叶大田生育时期没有影响;与对照相比,各施肥处理均可促进烟株的生长发育、光合作用和干物质积累,以T2处理(施氮量157.5 kg/hm^(2)、氮磷钾比例为1.0∶1.1∶2.7)效果最佳,其次为T3处理(施氮量172.5 kg/hm^(2)、氮磷钾比例为1.0∶1.2∶2.5);各施肥处理均可提高土壤pH、土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量。综合分析,本试验条件下,采用142.5~172.5 kg/hm^(2)施氮量、1∶1.1~1.2∶2.5~3.5氮磷钾施用比、配施600 kg/hm^(2)饼肥(菌肥)和1500 kg/hm^(2)土壤调理剂的施肥措施,有利于改良土壤、提高土壤养分含量,从而促进烟叶生长发育。In order to explore the effects of nitrogen application rate and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the growth and development of tobacco soil and flue-cured toba-cco, Yunyan 87 was used as material to study the effects of different fertilization patterns on soil main nutrients and the growth and development characteristics of flue-cured toba-cco.the results showed that different treatments had no effect on the growth period of tobacco leaves in the field.Compared with the control, all fertilization treatments could promote the growth and development, photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants, and the treatment with nitrogen application rate of 157.5 kg/hm^(2) and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 1.0∶1.1∶2.7(T2)had the best effect, followed by the treatment with nitrogen application rate of 172.5 kg/hm^(2) and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 1.0∶1.2∶2.5.All fertilization treatments could increase the contents of soil pH,soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium.According to the comprehensive analysis, under the conditions of this experiment, the fertilization measures of nitrogen application rate of 142.5-172.5 kg/hm^(2),N-P-K application ratio of 1∶1.1-1.2∶2.5-3.5,cake fertilizer of 600 kg/hm^(2) and soil conditioning agent of 1 500 kg/hm^(2) are beneficial to improve soil, increase soil nutrient content and promote the growth and development of tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：烤烟 施肥 土壤养分 生长发育 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]