4LZ–4.0大豆联合收割机清选装置参数优化及脱出物分布试验  

Parameter optimization and experiment on post-threshed mixture for the cleaning device in 4LZ-4.0 combine harvester of soybean

作　　者：李奇[1] 谢方平[1,2] 康家鑫 王修善 罗琪 LI Qi;XIE Fangping;KANG Jiaxin;WANG Xiushan;LUO Qi(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery and Equipment,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]智能农机装备湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期737-743,共7页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省科学技术厅高新技术产业科技创新引领计划项目(2020NK2002)。

摘　　要：为解决4LZ-4.0大豆联合收割机清选装置清选过程含杂率和损失率偏高的问题,选取鱼鳞筛角度(17.1°、27.1°、37.1°)、风机转速(969、1090、1212 r/min)和喂入量(2.0、2.5、3.0 kg/s)设计了三因素三水平响应面试验,测试清选装置损失率和含杂率,筛选最优清选参数组合。结果表明:清选参数最优组合为鱼鳞筛角度26.8°、风机转速1075 r/min、喂入量2.3 kg/s,最优组合下的损失率与含杂率分别为0.18%和2.07%,对比优化前分别降低了0.26%与0.44%;收割机清选装置效果最优时,大豆脱出物在沿清选筛纵向质量占比从29.88%减少到6.34%,沿清选筛横向质量占比分布先从27.51%减小到7.88%,再增加到18.96%,呈“前面多后面少,两边多中间少”近似“Y”状分布。In order to solve the problem of high impurity rate and loss rate for the cleaning device in 4LZ-4.0 combine harvester of soybean, a three-factor and three-level response surface test was designed with the selected influence factors of screen angle(17.1°, 27.1° and 37.1°), fan speed(969, 1090 and 1212 r/min) and feeding speed(2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 kg/s), to test the loss rate and the impurity rate of the cleaning device and screen the optimal combination of cleaning parameters.The experimental results showed that the optimal combination of cleaning parameters obtained is: the sieve plate angle of 26.8°, the fan speed of 1075 r/min, and the feeding volume 2.3 kg/s, with the loss rate of 0.18% and the impurity rate of 2.07%, which are reduced by 0.26% and 0.44% compared with that before optimization. When the cleaning device of the harvester has the best performance, the mass ratio of soybean post-threshed mixtures decreases from 29.88% to 6.34%along the longitudinal direction of the cleaning screen, and decreases from 27.51% to 7.88%, and then increases to 18.96%along the horizontal direction of the cleaning screen, which shows an approximate “Y” shaped distribution of “more in front and less in back, more on both sides and less in the middle”. It can provide reference for the structure improvement of the cleaning screen.

关 键 词：大豆联合收割机 清选装置 参数优化 脱出物分布 含杂率 损失率 

分 类 号：S225.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程]