中国村镇水源突发污染事故特征分析  

Analysis of water pollution accidents in villages of China

作　　者：张静[1] 于金宝 卢金锁[2] 崔福义 ZHANG Jing;YU Jinbao;LU Jinsuo;CUI Fuyi(College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;School of Environmental and Municipal engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境与生态学院,重庆400045 [2]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710045

出　　处：《给水排水》2022年第11期22-27,共6页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1100101)。

摘　　要：从时空分布特征、受污染水源用途、事故成因、污染物质类型等多个维度,对2011年-2020年我国307起村镇突发水污染事故进行了统计分析。结果表明:事故年发生数量随时间整体呈下降趋势,华东、华南和华中三大地区污染事故数量占全国总数的69.4%;作为饮用用途的受污染水源占总数的40%;人为因素引发的事故数量最多,占全国总数的97.1%,其中企业违法排污和生产事故是最主要成因;病原微生物、有机类、油类、致色物质、重金属是主要污染物。A statistical analysis of 307 water pollution accidents in villages of China from 2011 to 2020 was carried out from many dimensions, such as time and space distribution, uses of water sources, accident causes and types of pollutants. The results show that accidents in each year showed a decline trend over the ten years, and accidents in Eastern-, South-and Central-China took up 69.4% of national accidents. 40% of polluted water sources were used for drinking. The accidents were mainly caused by human errors, accounting for 97.1%, including illegal sewage discharge by enterprises, and production accidents. Pathogenic microorganisms, organic substances, oils, color-causing substances, and heavy metals are the main pollutants, respectively.

关 键 词：村镇水源 突发污染事故 时空分布 污染物 污染成因 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]