粗甘油基复合聚氨酯吸油泡沫的制备  

Preparation of Crude Glycerol Based Polyurethane Composite Foam for Oil Absorbing

作　　者：李梦雨 王冬祥 陈玮 徐桂转[2] 常春[1] 杜朝军[4] LI Mengyu;WANG Dongxiang;CHEN Wei;XU Guizhuan;CHANG Chun;DU Chaojun(School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Biobased Chemicals,Puyang 457000,China;Nanyang Research Institute of Zhengzhou University,Nanyang Institute of Technology,Nanyang 473004,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,河南郑州450001 [2]河南农业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450001 [3]河南省生物基化学品绿色制造重点实验室,河南濮阳457000 [4]南阳理工学院郑州大学南阳研究院,河南南阳473004

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2022年第6期69-76,共8页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22178328,U1904122);南阳市协同创新重大专项(NRIZU2020CIP0006)。

摘　　要：以粗甘油为主要原料,采用一锅法合成了粗甘油基多元醇,并与聚醚多元醇330N和3628进行复配,制备粗甘油基聚氨酯吸油泡沫。考察了粗甘油基多元醇添加量、异氰酸酯指数和发泡剂用量对泡沫材料性能的影响,优化了吸油泡沫的合成配方,并对泡沫进行了红外光谱和扫描电镜表征。研究结果表明:在粗甘油基多元醇添加量25%,聚醚多元醇330N添加量55%,聚醚多元醇3628添加量20%,水添加量4%(以多元醇总质量计),异氰酸酯指数为0.90的条件下合成的粗甘油基复合聚氨酯泡沫与商业多元醇聚合成的聚氨酯泡沫官能团结构和骨架结构相似,复合吸油泡沫对不同有机物的吸油倍率分别为乙醇15.1 g/g、甲醇14.7 g/g、氯仿40.9 g/g、二氯甲烷43.7 g/g、丙酮18.0 g/g、甲苯19.2 g/g、大豆油9.0 g/g、柴油11.2 g/g、煤油12.0 g/g。与未添加粗甘油多元醇的聚氨酯泡沫相比,复合泡沫对甲醇的吸油倍率降低了3.29%,但对其余有机物的吸油倍率均显著提高,吸油倍率提高率在13.53%~46.34%之间。Crude glycerol based polyol was synthesized by one-pot method using crude glycerol as the main raw material.The polyol was combined with polyether polyol 330N and 3628 was used for the preparation of crude glycerol based polyurethane composite foam for oil absorbing.The effects of the amount of crude glycerol based polyol,isocyanate index and foaming agent on the properties of foam materials were investigated.Moreover,the formulation of composite foam for oil absorbing was optimized,and the foam was further characterized by FT-IR and SEM.The results showed that the functional groups and skeleton structure of the crude glycerol based polyurethane composite foam synthesized under the conditions of 25% crude glycerol based polyol,55% polyether polyol 330N,20% polyether polyol 3628,4% water(relative to the total polyol mass)and isocyanate index 0.90,were similar to those of the polyurethane foam synthesized commercial polyols.Meanwhile,the oil absorption rate of the composite foam to different organic compounds was ethanol of 15.1 g/g,methanol of 14.7 g/g,chloroform of 40.9 g/g,dichloromethane of43.7 g/g,acetone of 18.0 g/g,toluene of 19.2 g/g,soybean oil of 9.0 g/g,diesel of 11.2 g/g,kerosene of 12.0 g/g.Compared with the polyurethane foam without crude glycerol polyols,the oil absorption rate of the composite foam to methanol decreased by 3.29%,while the oil absorption rates of other organic matters increased by 13.53%-46.34%.

关 键 词：粗甘油 聚氨酯 泡沫 吸油材料 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TQ328.3