中国荷斯坦牛RPL23A和ACACB基因对产奶性状的遗传效应分析  

Genetic Effect Analysis on RPL23A and ACACB Gene of Chinese Holstein Cattle

作　　者：杨宇泽 黄金峰 唐韶青 刘林[3] 刘亚楠 彭朋 吕小青[3] 韩博[2] 赵春颖 孙东晓[2] YANG Yu-ze;HUANG Jin-feng;TANG Shao-qing;LIU Lin;LIU Ya-nan;PENG Peng;LV Xiao-qing;HAN Bo;ZHAO Chun-ying;SUN Dong-xiao(Beijing Animal Husbandry Station,Beijing 100101;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;Beijing Dairy Cattle Center,Beijing 100192)

机构地区：[1]北京市畜牧总站,北京100101 [2]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [3]北京奶牛中心,北京100192

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2022年第5期4-8,共5页China Cattle Science

基　　金：北京市农业科技项目(20200105);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020MC165);科技兴蒙项目(2020—科技兴蒙—国创中心—12);教育部创新团队发展计划(IRT_15R62)。

摘　　要：作者所在团队前期通过奶牛乳腺上皮组织转录组测序及荷斯坦公牛全基因组重测序研究发现RPL23A和ACACB基因是奶牛乳蛋白和乳脂性状的候选功能基因,[目的]本研究旨在探究这两个基因是否对奶牛产奶性状具有显著遗传效应。[方法]以北京地区7个牧场的1 059头中国荷斯坦母牛为试验群体,采集尾根静脉血并提取基因组DNA,通过飞行时间质谱方法检测SNP位点基因型,利用SAS 9.4软件的MIXED过程进行关联分析。[结果]结果表明,RPL23A基因的SNP位点g.20146771C>T与第1泌乳期5个产奶性状达到显著或极显著关联(P=0.000 1~0.041 6),其优势等位基因为T;ACACB基因的g.63878254T>C位点与第1泌乳期产奶量、乳脂量和乳蛋白量呈极显著关联(P<0.01),其优势等位基因为C;g.63962768G>A位点与第1泌乳期产奶量、乳脂量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率关联显著或极显著(P=0.000 1~0.039 1),其优势等位基因为A。[结论]综上,RPL23A基因主要影响中国荷斯坦牛产奶量和乳蛋白,ACACB基因对产奶量和乳脂具有显著遗传效应,3个SNP位点可考虑作为遗传标记用于标记辅助选择培育奶牛高乳蛋白乳脂新品系和选育提高。In the early stage, the team of the author found that RPL23A and ACACB genes were the candidate functional genes for milk protein and milk fat traits of dairy cows through transcriptome sequencing of cow mammary epithelial tissue and genome resequencing of Holstein bulls. [Objective] This study aimed to explore whether these two genes had significant genetic effects on milk production traits of dairy cows. [Methods] 1059 Chinese Holstein cows from 7 pastures in Beijing area were taken as the experimental population. The tail root vein blood was collected and genomic DNA was extracted. The SNP locus genotype was detected by time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the association analysis was conducted using the MIXED process of SAS 9.4 software. [Results] The results showed that the SNP locus g.20146771 C>T of RPL23A gene was significantly or extremely significantly associated with five milk production traits in the first lactation period(P=0.000 1~0.0416), and its dominant allele was T. The g.63878254 T>C locus of ACACB gene was significantly associated with milk production, milk fat and milk protein in the first lactation period(P<0.01), and its dominant allele was C. The g. 63962768 G>A locus was significantly or extremely significantly associated with milk yield, milk fat yield, milk fat rate and milk protein rate in the first lactation period(P=0.000 1~0.039 1), and its dominant allele was A. [ Conclusion] These results indicated that RPL23A gene mainly affected milk yield and milk protein of Chinese Holstein cattle, ACACB gene had significant genetic effect on milk yield and milk fat yield. The three SNP loci could be considered as genetic markers for marker assisted selection in breeding new dairy cattle strains with high milk protein and milk fat, and for breeding improvement.

关 键 词：产奶性状 RPL23A基因 ACACB基因 SNP 遗传效应 中国荷斯坦牛 

分 类 号：S813.3[农业科学—畜牧学]