刈割和施肥对内蒙古典型草原羊草种子产量的影响  

Effects of Mowing and Fertilization on Seed Yield of Leymus chinensis in Inner Mongolia Steppe

作　　者：王迁 杨兆平 WANG Qian;YANG Zhao-ping(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology/Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院/江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2022年第12期100-106,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870413)。

摘　　要：采用裂区试验设计,探究刈割(留茬6 cm、不刈割)和施肥(不施肥、施氮10 g/m^(2)、施磷3 g/m^(2)和氮磷混施)对内蒙古典型草原羊草种子产量及其构成因子的影响。结果表明,刈割显著影响羊草种群密度,降低生殖枝高度,通过增加每穂结实粒数和结实率提升了羊草种子产量;施肥对羊草种群密度影响不显著,但显著提升了羊草抽穗数、每穗结实粒数和结实率,羊草种子产量也显著提升;施氮肥处理的每穗结实粒数和结实率均显著高于不施肥处理(P<0.05);刈割时,施氮肥处理的羊草种子产量显著高于其他处理;不刈割时,施肥处理间羊草种子产量没有显著差异,但均显著高于不施肥处理(P<0.05)。表明施肥能够提升刈割对羊草种子的增产效应,且在施氮肥时羊草种子产量的提升最大。虽然刈割和施肥均提升了羊草的种子产量,但羊草的繁殖策略在施肥和刈割干扰下趋向于分异。In this experiment,a split plot design was used to explore the effects of mowing(stubble 6 cm,no mowing)and fertilization(no fertilization,nitrogen application 10 g/m^(2),phosphorus application 3 g/m^(2),and N-P mixed application)on seed yield and its component factors of Leymus chinensis in Inner Mongolia steppe.The results showed that mowing significantly affected the population density of L.chinensis,decreased the height of reproductive branches,and increased seed yield of L.chinensis by increasing the grain number per spike and seed setting rate.Fertilization had no significant effect on population density of L.chinensis,but significantly increased the heading number,the grain number per spike and seed setting rate,as well as the seed yield of L.chinensis.The grain number per spike and the seed setting rate of nitrogen fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than those of no fertilization treatment(P<0.05).when mowing,the seed yield of L.chinensis under nitrogen fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that under other treatments;there was no significant difference in seed yield between fertilization treatments without mowing,but the seed yield of L.chinensis was significantly higher than that of non fertilization treatment.This indicated that fertilization could enhance the effect of mowing on L.chinensis seed yield,and the increase of seed yield of L.chinensis was highest when nitrogen fertilizer was applied.Although mowing and fertilization increased the seed yield of L.chinensis,the reproductive strategy of L.chinensis tended to be differentiated under the disturbance of fertilization and mowing.

关 键 词：羊草 种子产量 施肥 刈割 内蒙古 典型草原 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]