儿童上呼吸道感染后的血常规变化及其临床用药情况分析  

Changes of blood routine and clinical medication in children after upper respiratory tract infection

作　　者：罗婷婷 程雨嘉 胡梦娇 赵静利 李青 LUO Ting-ting;CHENG Yu-jia;HU Meng-jiao;ZHAO Jing-li;LI Qing(Department of Pediatrics,Baoji People's Hospital,Baoji 721000,Shaanxi,CHINA)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市人民医院儿科,陕西宝鸡721000

出　　处：《海南医学》2023年第1期46-49,共4页Hainan Medical Journal

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(编号:S2018SKZ1804591)。

摘　　要：目的 分析儿童上呼吸道感染后的血常规变化,并调查其临床用药情况。方法 选取2019年5月至2021年5月期间于宝鸡市人民医院接受治疗的105例上呼吸道感染患儿作为感染组,另选取同期接受体检的42例健康儿童作为对照组,比较两组儿童血常规的变化。将感染组患儿分为学龄前组(n=60)和学龄期组(n=45),分析两组患儿临床用药情况。结果 感染组患儿的血清血小板计数(PLT)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、D二聚体(D-D)水平分别为(151.22±38.78)×10^(9)/L、0.58±0.09和(2.15±0.33) mg/L,明显低于对照组的(174.17±46.35)×10^(9)/L、0.67±0.16和(2.37±0.48) mg/L,血清白细胞计数(WBC)水平为(9.09±1.71)×10^(9)/L,明显高于对照组(8.45±1.54)×10^(9)/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。学龄前组患儿的抗生素、糖皮质激素使用率分别为66.67%、43.33%,明显低于学龄期患儿的86.87%、64.44%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);学龄前组和学龄期组患儿的口服、静脉滴注、静脉注射、肌肉注射给药方式比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);学龄前组患儿雾化吸入比例为43.33%,明显低于学龄期患儿的64.44%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 上呼吸道感染患儿的血常规水平与健康儿童有异,抗生素、糖皮质激素的用药率与患儿年龄相关,临床检测血常规有助于上呼吸道感染的早期诊断。Objective To analyze the changes of blood routine in children after upper respiratory tract infection(URTI), and to investigate its clinical medication. Methods A total of 105 children with URTI treated in Baoji People’s Hospital were enrolled as infection group between May 2019 and May 2021, while other 42 healthy children undergoing physical examinations during the same period were enrolled as a control group. The changes of blood routine in the two groups were compared. The children in infection group were divided into preschool age group(n=60) and school age group(n=45), and the clinical medication in the two groups was analyzed. Results The levels of serum platelet count(PLT), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio(NLR), and D dimer(D-D) in the infection group were(151.22±38.78)×10^(9)/L,0.58±0.09 and(2.15±0.33) mg/L, significantly lower than(174.17±46.35)×10^(9)/L, 0.67±0.16,(2.37±0.48) mg/L in the control group, while the level of serum white blood cell count(WBC) was(9.09±1.71)×10^(9)/L, significantly higher than(8.45±1.54)×10^(9)/L in the control group(P<0.05). The usage rates of antibiotics and glucocorticoids in the preschool age group were 66.67% and 43.33%, significantly lower than 86.87% and 64.44% in the school age group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in medication modes(oral administration, intravenous drip, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection) between preschool age group and school age group(P>0.05). The proportion of aerosol inhalation in the preschool age group was 43.33%, significantly lower than 64.44% in the school age group(P<0.05). Conclusion There are differences in blood routine between URTI children and healthy children. The usage rates of antibiotics and glucocorticoids are related to age of children. Clinically, blood routine test is conducive to the early diagnosis of URTI.

关 键 词：儿童 上呼吸道感染 合理用药 血常规 

分 类 号：R729[医药卫生—儿科]