HIV感染患者中核酸检测与抗体检测的应用价值  

Application Value of Nucleic Acid Detection and Antibody Detection in HIV Infected Patients

作　　者：王述湘[1] 李向忠[2] 李琼 李武[1] Wang Shu-xiang;Li Xiang-zhong;Li Qiong;Li Wu(Medical Laboratory and Pathology Center,The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine1,Changsha 410007,Hunan Province,China;Department of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control,Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention2,Changsha 410005,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学第一附属医院医学检验与病理中心,湖南长沙410005 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2022年第34期77-79,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:分析人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染患者应用核酸检测与抗体检测的临床价值。方法:选取2020年1月-2021年1月湖南省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病(AIDS)生物样本库确诊的HIV感染者120例为研究对象,根据分期不同分为早期感染组69例与中晚期感染组51例。两组患者均实施核酸检测与抗体检测,比较两种检测方式对早期感染组与中晚期感染组的检测阳性率、漏诊率。结果:早期感染组核酸检测阳性率高于抗体检测,核酸检测漏诊率低于抗体检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中晚期感染组核酸检测阳性率低于抗体检测,核酸检测漏诊率高于抗体检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早期感染组抗体检测阳性率低于中晚期感染组,核酸检测阳性率高于中晚期感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期HIV感染行核酸检测诊断准确性较高,中晚期HIV感染行抗体检测准确性较高。在实际的临床工作中,应根据患者疾病所处的发展阶段选择检测方法。Objective: To analyze the application value of nucleic acid detection and antibody detection in humanimmunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients. Methods: A total of 120 HIV-infected patients diagnosed in the BiospecimenBank for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome(AIDS) in Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention fromJanuary 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the study subjects. According to the different stages, the patients were divided intoearly infection group(n=69) and middle-advanced infection group(n=51). The patients in two groups underwent nucleic aciddetection and antibody detection. The detection positive rate and missed diagnosis rate of the two detection methods in the earlyinfection group and the middle-advanced infection group were compared. Results: In the early infection group, the positive rate ofnucleic acid detection was higher than that of antibody detection, and the missed diagnosis rate of nucleic acid detection was lowerthan that of antibody detection, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In the middle-advanced infection group,the positive rate of nucleic acid detection was lower than that of antibody detection, and the missed diagnosis rate of nucleic aciddetection was higher than that of antibody detection, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The positive rate ofantibody detection in the early infection group was lower than that in the middle-advanced infection group, and the positive rate ofnucleic acid detection in the early infection group was higher than that in the middle-advanced infection group, and the differencewas statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: In the early stage of HIV infection, the implementation of nucleic acid detectioncan obtain a higher diagnostic accuracy, while in the middle and late stage of HIV infection, the implementation of antibodydetection can obtain a higher accuracy. Therefore, in the actual clinical work, appropriate detection methods should be selectedaccording to the developmen

关 键 词：HIV感染 核酸检测 抗体检测 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R446.6[医药卫生—临床医学]