浸泡免疫中的抗原呈递及其佐剂研究进展  

Advances in the Research on Antigen Presentation and Adjuvants of Immersion Vaccination

作　　者：巩华[1,2] 胡军娜 任燕[1,2] 赖迎迢[1,2] 黄志斌[1,2] GONG hua;HU Junna;REN Yan;LAI Yingchuang;HUANG Zhibin(Key Laboratory of Fishery and Medicine Development,Ministry of Agriculture,Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510380,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology,Agriculture,Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510380,China;Aquatic Technology Extension Station of Yuanhui District,Luohe City,Henan Province,Luohe 462000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,农业农村部渔药创制重点实验室 [2]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,广东省免疫技术重点实验室,广东广州510380 [3]河南省漯河市源汇区水产技术推广站,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《中国渔业质量与标准》2022年第5期58-66,共9页Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFD0900103);中国水产科学研究院基本业务费项目(2020XT0405);广州市科技计划项目(201904020004)。

摘　　要：浸泡免疫的成功与否很大程度上与选定的佐剂有关,不断深入研究浸泡免疫接种过程中黏膜免疫发生机理,系统比较佐剂对疫苗效果的影响,研究开发“高效稳定、廉价实用”的新型佐剂,对于提高疫苗接种效果,有重要理论意义和实践价值。本研究综述了鱼用疫苗浸泡接种后摄入抗原发生的黏膜免疫作用机理、细胞学基础和影响因素;详细列举目前在研和商品化使用的浸泡免疫佐剂,系统介绍其作用原理和分类原则,并分析了矿物盐佐剂、矿物油佐剂、植物来源佐剂、动物来源佐剂、微生物来源佐剂、人工合成有机佐剂等在鱼类浸泡免疫中使用效果和优缺点;展望该研究领域的发展前景,随着浸泡免疫基础理论研究深入,不断筛选和构建新型佐剂,研究和开发新投递方式和操作方式,促进重大鱼病防治进步。It is well known that the efficiency of immersion vaccination depends on the adjuvants selected.And it’s of great theoretical significance and practical value to continuously study the mechanism of mucosal immunity during immersion vaccination,systematically compare the effects of adjuvants on vaccine efficacy,as well as develop more efficient,stable,economical and practical adjuvants.This paper summarized the mucosal immunity mechanism,cytological basis and influencing factors induced by antigen presentation during immersion vaccination,introduced the functional principle and classification of immersion adjuvants in current research and commercial use,and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of different adjuvants in fishery vaccines during immersion vaccination,including mineral salt adjuvants,mineral oil adjuvants,plant-derived adjuvants,animal-derived adjuvants,microbial-derived adjuvants and synthetic organic adjuvants.Furthermore,the future prospect of this field are also described as that the new adjuvants materials will be screened and constructed continuously with in-depth research on the basic theory of mucosal immunity,and the new delivery methods and operations will be developed,which can promote the technical progress in the prevention and treatment of major fish epidemic diseases.

关 键 词：浸泡免疫 抗原呈递 佐剂 鱼用疫苗 黏膜免疫 

分 类 号：S942.5[农业科学—水产养殖]