仿仙人掌集水进展  

Advances in Cactus-inspired Water Collection

作　　者：赵越[1] 崔笑宇[1,2] 田野[1,2] ZHAO Yue;CUI Xiao-yu;TIAN Ye(College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110016,China;Foshan Graduate School of Innovation,Northeastern University,Guangdong Foshan 528300,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学医学与生物信息工程学院,沈阳110016 [2]东北大学佛山研究生创新学院,广东佛山528300

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第12期52-62,81,共12页Surface Technology

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515110126,2021A1515010130);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金(N2119006,N2224001-10);宁波市2025重大专项(2021Z027)。

摘　　要：全面总结了仿仙人掌集水领域的研究进展,重点介绍了仿仙人掌结构的常见制备方法,包括3D打印法、梯度电化学腐蚀法、电纺结合可牺牲模板法、改进的磁颗粒辅助成形法、磁流变绘制光刻法和机械打孔结合模板复刻法,并对每一种方法的制备步骤和优缺点进行了详细介绍。同时,也详细介绍了仿仙人掌集水的主要原理,包括拉普拉斯压力梯度和表面自由能梯度,为集水工程技术的开发和改进提供了理论基础。另外,还详细地介绍了仿仙人掌结构的集水行为,包括单根仿仙人掌棘刺集水和大规模集水行为。最后,对仿仙人掌集水的未来发展方向进行了分析和展望。Water is the source of life and essential to human life,animal and plant life.However,the water shortage has become a major global issue in the 21st century.It is extremely urgent to solve the water shortage.Therefore,a simple and low-cost technology is urgently needed to solve or alleviate water shortage.There is a large amount of water in the atmosphere,to a certain extent,which brings the new solution to alleviate the water crisis.To obtain the water from the atmosphere,people try to draw inspiration from nature.The water collection property of cactus provides a good idea for solving the problem of water shortage.The special structure of cactus spines is the reason of its efficient water collecting performance.The special structure results in the driving forces arising from the gradient of the Laplace pressure and the gradient of the surface-free energy.Both forces can drive the small water droplets to move from the tip of spine to the bottom of spine.Therefore,the cactus spine can collect water from atmosphere continuously.In recent years,the water collection of cactus has attracted more and more attentions due to its high water harvesting performance.Therefore,it is very necessary to summarize the advances in cactus water collection and cactus-inspired water harvesting.In this work,research progresses in water collection of natural cactus and cactus-inspired structures were summarized comprehensively and in detail.This work mainly introduced the common fabrication methods of cactus inspired structures,including 3D printing methods,gradient electrochemical corrosion method,combining electrospinning with sacrificial template method,modified magnetic particle-assisted molding approach,magnetorheological drawing lithography method and combining mechanical perforating and template replica technology,and also expounded the fabrication steps,advantages and disadvantages for each method.The related introduction of fabrication methods for cactus inspired structures can make people have a good understanding of cactus-

关 键 词：仙人掌 集水 水资源短缺 仿生表面 仙人掌激发 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业]