基于Box-Behnken试验设计的电沉积Ni-W-B合金镀层添加剂的制备  

Preparation of Additives for Electrodeposited Ni-W-B Alloy Coatings Based on Box-Behnken Experimental Design

作　　者：丁耀 罗雪芳 刘定富[1] DING Yao;LUO Xue-fang;LIU Ding-fu(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学化学与化工学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第12期178-187,216,共11页Surface Technology

摘　　要：目的制备一种能改善电沉积Ni-W-B合金性能(硬度、光泽度和耐腐蚀性)的添加剂。方法基础镀液组成为30 g/L硫酸镍+65 g/L钨酸钠+10 g/L二甲基氨硼烷+100 g/L柠檬酸三铵,工艺条件包括pH=7.0、电流密度8 A/dm^(2)、温度60℃、电镀时间60 min。在基础镀液组成及工艺条件下,单因素试验基础上设计四因素三水平的Box-Behnken试验,以镀层硬度为响应值,研究各添加剂对镀层硬度的影响规律,得出最优的添加剂组合。采用光泽度仪、维氏硬度计和电化学工作站,研究添加剂对镀层光泽度、硬度和耐腐蚀性的影响,并使用SEM和EDS研究添加剂对镀层表面形貌及成分组成的影响。结果Box-Behnken试验得出最优的添加剂组合为0.3 g/L SDBS+0.5 g/L糖精钠+0.24 g/L烯丙基磺酸钠+0.1 g/L 1,4-丁炔二醇。复配的添加剂镀液条件下所制得的镀层硬度为499.1HV0.5,光泽度为230 GU,相较于没有添加剂的镀层硬度增大了41.6HV0.5,镀层光泽度增大了85 GU;镀层的耐腐蚀性也得到提高。根据SEM以及EDS分析结果可知,添加剂的加入能很好地改善镀层表面形貌,并且促进硼的沉积,镀层中各组分含量为Ni 58.79%、W 38.93%、B 2.28%。结论复配添加剂的加入能显著改善镀层性能,所制备镀层可获得类似不锈钢的金属光泽,能满足工业需求。Electrodeposited Ni-W-B alloy coating is considered to be a good substitute for chromium coating because of its high hardness and strong corrosion resistance.However,under the condition of basic bath,the cathode hydrogen evolution phenomenon is serious,which further limits the performance of the coating.Moreover,the coating produced is matte silverwhite,without metallic luster,and lacks industrial aesthetics.The purpose of this experiment is to prepare an additive that can improve the properties(hardness,glossiness and corrosion resistance)of electrodeposited Ni-W-B alloy.Firstly,on the basis of the composition and technological conditions of the basic plating solution,the type and rough concentration range of additives were screened preliminarily by single factor test(Basic plating solution composition:Nickel sulfate 30 g/L,sodium tungstate 65 g/L,dimethylamine borane 10 g/L,ammonium citrate 100 g/L;Process conditions:pH=7.0,current density 8 A/dm^(2),temperature 60℃,electroplating time 60 min).The surfactant was selected as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)by single factor test,and the concentration range of sodium saccharin in brightener was 0.2-0.8 g/L、the concentration range of sodium allylsulfonate was 0.1-0.5 g/L and the concentration range of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol was 0.1-0.3 g/L.Secondly,on the basis of single factor test,Box-Behnken test with four factors and three levels was designed.The coating hardness was taken as the response value to study the influence rule of each additive on the coating hardness,and the optimal additive combination was obtained.With the hardness of the coating as the response value,the influence of each additive on the hardness of the coating was studied,and the optimal combination of additives was obtained.Finally,the Ni-W-B alloy coating sample was prepared with the addition of the best compound additive,and The effects of additives on glossiness,hardness and corrosion resistance of coatings were studied by gloss meter,Vickers hardness tester and electrochemical workstat

关 键 词：Ni-W-B合金 Box-Behnken试验 添加剂 十二烷基苯磺酸钠 糖精钠 1 4-丁炔二醇 烯丙基磺酸钠 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]