CRISPR/Cas基因编辑技术与植物病毒研究进展  

Research progress on CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology cooperating with plant virus

作　　者：徐子妍 李浩 周焕斌 周雪平[1,2] XU Ziyan;LI Hao;ZHOU Huanbin;ZHOU Xueping(Institute of Biotechnology,College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院生物技术研究所,杭州310058 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2022年第6期709-720,共12页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点国际(地区)合作研究项目(31720103914)。

摘　　要：规律成簇的间隔短回文重复序列及其相关蛋白[clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas), CRISPR/Cas]系统介导的基因编辑技术因简单、高效、通用、精确等特点,目前已经成为现代植物分子生物学以及农业育种工作中的重要研究工具。植物病毒病严重危害植物的正常生长发育,给全球农作物生产造成巨大的损失。CRISPR/Cas基因编辑技术可以有效地靶向DNA病毒和RNA病毒序列,提高寄主植物对病毒的抵抗力。此外,利用基因编辑技术靶向病毒侵染或复制所需的植物内源基因可创制新的抗病毒种质资源。本文综述了CRISPR/Cas基因编辑技术和利用其开展抗病毒研究的进展和实例,同时讨论了病毒诱导的基因编辑系统的应用前景,并对CRISPR/Cas基因编辑技术在植物病毒研究中的优势与挑战进行了展望,为利用基因编辑技术进行抗病毒种质创新提供了指导。In recent years, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(CRISPR/Cas) system-mediated gene editing technology has become an important research tool in modern plant molecular biology and agricultural breeding due to its simplicity, high efficiency, generality and accuracy. Plant virus disease seriously endangers the normal growth and development of plants, and causes devastating damages to crop production worldwide. CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology can effectively target DNA virus and RNA virus sequences, and improve the resistance of host plants to viruses. In addition, gene editing technology can edit plant endogenous genes which are conducive to viral infection or replication to create new antiviral germplasm resources. This study reviewed the CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology and elaborated the research progress and examples of using this system to achieve antiviral infection. The potential application prospects and limitations of virus-induced gene editing system were also discussed. Finally, the advantages and challenges of CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology in plant antiviral research were pointed out, which will be useful for guiding innovation of germplasms for virus resistance.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas基因编辑技术 DNA病毒 RNA病毒 病毒诱导的基因编辑系统 抗病毒工程 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]