接种AM真菌改善龙眼幼苗抗寒生理的研究  

Inoculation of AM Fungi Improves the Cold Resistance Physiology of Longan Seedings

作　　者：谢雪曼 王凯渊 余兰 韩刚 杨治友 林钧 宋明华[3] 罗雪峰 杨晓红 XIE Xueman;WANG Kaiyuan;YU Lan;HAN Gang;YANG Zhiyou;LIN Jun;SONG Minghua;LUO Xuefeng;YANG Xiaohong(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions,Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400715,China;Economic Crop Technology Extension Station of Yongchuan District,Yongchuan Chongqing 402160,China;Fruit Office of Chongqing Fuling District,Fuling Chongqing 400800,China;Chongqing Municipal Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Chongqing 400020,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院/南方山地园艺学教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]重庆市永川区经济作物技术推广站,重庆永川402160 [3]重庆市涪陵区果品办公室,重庆涪陵400800 [4]重庆市农业技术推广总站,重庆400020

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期76-85,共10页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项(cstc2017shms-zdyfX0016);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(cstc2019jscx-gksbX0119)。

摘　　要：以重庆主栽龙眼(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)品种蜀冠和油谭本实生苗为试材,设置根内球囊霉(Glomus intraradices)接种与未接种处理,6个月后,置于4℃低温分别胁迫0 d, 2 d, 4 d和6 d, 25℃为对照,探讨接种丛枝菌根真菌(AM真菌)对低温胁迫下龙眼幼苗生长、渗透调节平衡和保护酶活性等与抗寒性密切相关的生理代谢指标的影响,为菌根生物学技术在龙眼抗寒性育苗中的应用提供理论依据.结果表明:低温胁迫下龙眼苗的菌根侵染率、菌根依赖性、干质量、叶片相对含水量和SOD等指标均低于常温处理,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、 MDA质量分数、相对电导率、 POD和CAT均高于常温处理;但不论低温还是常温处理,菌根龙眼苗的菌根依赖性、干质量、叶片相对含水量、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、 SOD、 POD和CAT等指标均显著高于非菌根苗,MDA质量分数和相对电导率均显著低于非菌根苗.低温胁迫条件下接种AM真菌对蜀冠实生苗叶片可溶性蛋白,POD和CAT以及对油谭本实生苗地下部干质量有显著影响.说明AM真菌通过促进龙眼生长,改善叶片的水分状况,增强保水能力,提高叶片相对含水量、渗透调节物质质量分数及其SOD, POD和CAT等酶系统活力,降低MDA质量分数和相对电导率,从而有效地减缓了低温造成的伤害,提高了龙眼的抗寒性.研究结果可为龙眼菌根化抗寒性育苗提供理论依据.The seedlings of Shuguan and Youtanben, the main Dimocarpus longan varieties in Chongqing, were used as the test materials inoculated with Glomus intraradices, and uninoculated seedlings were used as control. After 6 months, the longan seedlings were stressed at 4 ℃ for 0 d, 2 d, 4 d and 6 d, respectively. The control plants were kept at 25 ℃. The effects of AM fungi inoculation under low temperature stress on the physiological metabolic indexes of growth, osmotic balance and protective enzyme activities of longan seedling, which are closely related to cold resistance, were discussed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application of mycorrhizal biotechnology in the cold-resistant breeding seedlings of longan. The experimental results showed that the mycorrhizal infection rate, mycorrhizal dependence, dry weight, leaf relative water content and SOD of longan seedlings under low temperature stress were lower than those under normal temperature treatment, while soluble sugar, soluble protein, MDA content, relative water content, POD and CAT were higher than those under normal temperature treatment. However, regardless the temperature treatments, the mycorrhizal dependence, dry weight, the relative water content, soluble sugar and soluble protein content, SOD, POD and CAT enzymatic activity of leaves of mycorrhizal longan seedlings were significantly higher than those of non-mycorrhizal seedlings, but MDA content and relative conductivity were significantly lower than those of non-mycorrhizal seedlings. The AM fungi inoculation had significant effects on the soluble protein, POD and CAT of the Shuguan and the dry weight of the root of the Youtanben under cold stress. The research results indicated that inoculation of AM fungi can effectively alleviate the damage of low temperature by ways of promoting growth, the water absorption, water retention capacity, relative water content, osmotic regulators and activities of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes, and meanwhile reducing the MDA content and relative water c

关 键 词：龙眼 AM真菌 耐寒性 渗透调节平衡 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]