北京大学第三医院16362例过敏性疾病患者过敏原检测结果分析  

Sensitization Spectrum of 16362 Patients with Allergic Diseases in Peking University Third Hospital

作　　者：占少华 杨楠 苑腾[1] 周剑锁[1] 崔丽艳[1] ZHAN Shaohua;YANG Nan;YUAN Teng;ZHOU Jiansuo;CUI Liyan(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China;Department of Blood Transfusion,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院检验科,北京100191 [2]北京大学第三医院输血科,北京100191

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》2022年第6期1013-1022,共10页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82103111);国家科技重大专项课题(2017ZX09304012-005);北京大学第三医院临床重点项目(BYSYZD2021035)。

摘　　要：目的分析北京大学第三医院过敏性疾病患者过敏原检测结果,为过敏性疾病患者的预防和治疗提供参考。方法选取2009年1月至2021年9月就诊于北京大学第三医院的16362例过敏性疾病患者,提取所有患者血清总IgE和过敏原特异性IgE(sIgE)结果,并根据性别、年龄和月份进行分组,统计分析总IgE检测值和sIgE阳性率。结果7919例患者总IgE检测值为92.4(34.8,241.0)kU/L。5495例患者利用ImmunoCAP系统对34种sIgE进行检测,总阳性率为54.23%,按高低排序依次为刺柏(43.78%)、猫皮屑(38.76%)、鸡蛋白(33.38%)、葎草(32.03%)和蒿(31.82%)。10867例患者利用EURO系统对20种sIgE进行检测,总阳性率为35.79%,按高低排序依次为艾蒿(15.86%)、尘螨组合(10.17%)、猫毛(8.32%)、屋尘(4.71%)和树组合(4.04%)。根据性别进行分组,两种检测系统男性患者过敏原阳性率都更高。根据年龄进行分组,鸡蛋白和牛奶的阳性率随年龄增加而逐渐降低,而吸入性过敏原阳性率在10~19岁之前逐渐升高,之后逐渐减低。根据月份进行分组,夏秋季艾蒿、树组合、矮豚草、苍耳、藜(鹅毛草)、葎草、梯牧草和杂草类混合是过敏性疾病常见的吸入性过敏原。结论男性患者过敏原阳性率更高。鸡蛋白和牛奶阳性率随年龄增加而逐渐降低,而吸入性过敏原阳性率在10~19岁最高。夏秋季过敏性疾病高发主要是由于吸入性过敏原。Objective To retrospectively analyze the sensitization spectrum of 16362 patients with allergic diseases treated in the Peking University Third Hospital and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.Methods A total of 16362 patients with allergic diseases treated in the Peking University Third Hospital from January 2009 to September 2021 were selected.The serum levels of total IgE and antigen-specific IgE(sIgE)were determined.Furthermore,the selected patients were classified into different groups according to gender,age,and disease occurrence month.Results The mean level of total IgE in 7919 patients was 92.4(34.8,241.0)kU/L.The sIgE levels of 34 allergens in 5495 patients were determined via the ImmunoCAP system,with a positive sIgE rate of 54.23%.The top 5 allergens with high positive rates were mountain juniper pollen(43.78%),cat dander(38.76%),egg white(33.38%),Japanese hop(32.03%),and mugwort(31.82%).The sIgE levels of 20 allergens in 10867 patients were determined via the EURO system,with a positive sIgE rate of 35.79%.The top 5 allergens with high positive rates were mugwort(15.86%),house dust mite mix(10.17%),cat dander(8.32%),house dust(4.71%),and tree pollen mix(4.04%).The analysis based on gender showed that the allergen positive rates in males were higher than those in females.The positive rates of egg white and cow’s milk gradually decreased with the increase in age,while those of the inhaled allergens gradually increased during 10-19 years and then gradually decreased.The analysis based on disease occurrence month showed that the population with allergic diseases in Beijing surged in summer and autumn due to the inhaled allergens including mugwort,tree pollen mix,common ragweed,cocklebur,goosefoots,Japanese hop,timothy grass,and weed mix.Conclusions Among the 16362 patients with allergic diseases treated in the Peking University Third Hospital,male patients showed higher sensitivity to allergens.The positive rates of egg white and cow’s milk gradually decreased with

关 键 词：过敏性疾病 过敏原 总IGE 过敏原特异性IGE 

分 类 号：R593.1[医药卫生—内科学]