激光扫描和摄影测量在坡面侵蚀演变过程的适用性  

Application of laser scanning and photogrammetry in the evolution process of slope erosion

作　　者：罗斌 张勇 张志伟[1] 倪世民 张歆 王军光[1] Luo Bin;Zhang Yong;Zhang Zhiwei;Ni Shimin;Zhang Xin;Wang Junguang(Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Yangtze River Basin Monitoring Center Station for Soil and Water Conservation,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010 China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水土保持研究中心,武汉430070 [2]长江水利委员会长江流域水土保持监测中心站,武汉430010

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第17期101-109,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500703);国家自然科学基金(42177317)。

摘　　要：为研究激光扫描和摄影测量技术在监测坡面侵蚀演变过程中的精度及适用性,该研究利用近景摄影测量技术和三维激光扫描技术对长历时条件下坡面侵蚀演变过程进行监测,获取不同时段的坡面微地形数据,基于坡面高精度数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)对坡面侵蚀演变过程进行分析,探究2种非接触式测量方法在坡面侵蚀监测中的适用性和精确度。结果表明:1)按主导侵蚀方式的不同,坡面侵蚀过程可分为片蚀阶段、细沟发育阶段和细沟成熟阶段;2)2种非接触式测量方法均能够精确地对坡面侵蚀产沙过程进行监测,最大相对误差为-16.82%,2种方法在坡面侵蚀量测量方面有很好的适用性。3)近景摄影测量技术在坡面侵蚀产沙监测、细沟深度测量和坡面微地形模拟方面要优于三维激光扫描技术。该研究可土壤坡面侵蚀监测方法的选择提供参考。Soil erosion on a slope is one of the most serious soil degradation that caused by the complex dynamic process of water draining down the slope.Quantitative monitoring of the slope erosion process is of great practical significance to clarify the erosion mechanism for the better models in the recent years.A non-contact measurement has been widely used,such as the laser scanning or photogrammetry,due to the high efficiency and accuracy.However,it is still lacking on the accuracy and applicability evaluation in the process of slope erosion,especially for the rill morphology characteristics.In this study,the laser scanning and photogrammetry were selected to monitor the evolution of soil slope erosion under the indoor artificial rainfall,in order to quantitatively explore their accuracy and applicability.The red soil was collected with the granite parent material from the Changting County,Hubei Province,China.The test material was then selected as the leaching,sedimentary,and parent material layer from the bottom to the top at the sampling point.The soil trough was used with the size of 4.0 m(length)×2.0 m(width)×0.60 m(height),particularly with the depth of soil filling of 0.50 m.The soil was then filled with the 0.15 m thick parent material layer,0.20 m sedimentary layer,and 0.15 cm leaching layer before the test.The soil tank was subjected to the multiple cycles of drying and wetting.The static settlement was set at least two months,in order to make the soil layers and particles as close as possible to natural conditions.The whole duration was 1 h for the single-field simulated rainfall or runoff test after the runoff on the slope surface.The total rainfall was 100 h,where the interval was 24 h between each two intermittent rainfall.The rain intensity was also set to(90±5)mm/h.The sediment ocean was then collected during the rainfall.After that,the 3D laser scanning and close-range photogrammetry were employed to record the micro-topographic and surface morphology of the slope at each rainfall interval.As such

关 键 词：坡面 侵蚀 土壤 近景摄影测量技术 三维激光扫描技术 对比 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]