离心压气机旋涡结构及近失速工况特征  

Vortex Structure and Characteristics of Near-stall Conditions of Centrifugal Compressor

作　　者：洪树立 陆惟煜 邱磊[1] HONG Shuli;LU Weiyu;QIU Lei(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Ningbo University of Technology,Ningbo 315211,China;School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波工程学院机械与汽车工程学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]南京工业大学理学院,江苏南京211816

出　　处：《宁波工程学院学报》2022年第4期22-28,共7页Journal of Ningbo University of Technology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LQ20E060004)。

摘　　要：为探究影响离心压气机稳定工作的主导流动结构,对一台基于Brayton循环的热功转换系统的离心压气机进行了数值模拟研究,建立了涡模型,并对比了不同工况下流场的特征。离心压气机旋涡结构主要包括叶尖泄漏涡、二次泄漏涡、诱导涡、马蹄涡、尾缘涡、壁角涡和通道涡。通过对比近失速过程中三个工况的流场结构变化,发现叶尖失速是离心压气机失速的主要形式,即使叶根区域的扰动也会在弯曲通道和离心力作用下传达到叶尖,并且泄漏涡在离心压气机失速过程中起着重要作用。而前缘分离涡的出现更加大了尖部气流的不稳定性,它是造成失速的主要原因。In order to investigate the dominant flow structures affecting the steady operation of centrifugal compressor,a centrifugal compressor based on the Brayton cycle thermal power conversion system is numerically simulated,the vortex model is established and the characteristics of the flow field under different working conditions are compared.The vortex structure of a centrifugal compressor mainly comprises tip leakage vortex,secondary leakage vortex,induction vortex,horseshoe vortex,tail edge vortex,wall corner vortex and passage vortex.Compared with the flow field structure changes of the three working conditions in the near-stall process,it is found that the blade tip stall is the main form of centrifugal compressor stall,even the disturbance at the blade root area will be transmitted to the blade tip under the action of the bending channel and centrifugal force,and the leakage vortex has an important impact on the centrifugal compressor as it approaches stall.The emergence of the leading edge separation vortex has increased the instability of the apex airflow which is the main reason of stall phenomenon.

关 键 词：离心压气机 旋涡结构 失速机理 数值模拟 叶尖失速 

分 类 号：V231.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]