矿山生态修复及市政污泥稳定化产物应用潜力  

Mine land ecological restoration and application potential of sewage sludge stabilization products

作　　者：陈思思 董滨[1] 徐祖信[1] CHEN Si-si;DONG Bin;XU Zu-xin(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2022年第12期5734-5747,共14页China Environmental Science

基　　金：中国工程院院地合作项目(2021-SH-XY-2);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200704)。

摘　　要：对矿山土地的破坏、污染与危害进行了调研和回顾,详细介绍了矿山土地的物理修复、化学修复和植物修复技术,以及含硫矿山所特需的酸性矿山废水(AMD)原位阻断技术,分析其优缺点及使用条件.研究得出矿山土地生态修复技术的选择依据,通过一系列技术阻断污染,修复与改良表层土壤后建立植被,最终实现生态修复.指出提供足够的、符合需求的植物生长基质是矿山土地生态系统修复的关键要素.进一步提出符合标准要求的市政污泥稳定化产物具有替换客土、预防AMD产生、阻断矿山重金属污染、为矿山土地补充维持植物生长所必需的养分、强化矿山土地保水保肥的作用.同时,对于我国目前待修复的矿山面积,市政污泥稳定化产物施用在时间维度上具有长期的可持续性.因此,市政污泥稳定化产物在矿山土地生态修复的应用上具有潜力和优势.This paper investigates and reviews the damage,pollution and hazards of mine lands,and then introduces the physical restoration,chemical restoration and phytoremediation technologies for mine lands in detail,as well as the in-situ treatment technology for acid mine drainage(AMD)in sulfur-bearing mines.The advantages and disadvantages as well as the application scenarios of these technologies are also investigated.From this,the basis for the selection of ecological restoration technologies for mine lands is summarized.That is,after the application of a series of technologies to eliminate pollution,the vegetation should be planted for the restoration and improvement of topsoil.It is pointed out that providing sufficient suitable covering matrix is the key to mine land ecosystem restoration.It is further proposed that the sludge stabilization products have huge potential for replacing foreign soils,preventing the generation of AMD,eliminating heavy metal pollution from mines,providing nutrients necessary for plant growth,and strengthening the water and fertilizer retention of mine lands.Moreover,the application of sludge stabilization products in the current rehabilitation of mine areas in China is sustainable in the long run.Therefore,sludge stabilization products have huge potential and advantages in the ecological remediation applications of mine lands.

关 键 词：矿山 生态修复 修复技术 污泥稳定化产物 应用潜力 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]