四川博物院馆藏东汉房形盖画像石棺结构性能及保护修复技术研究  

A Study of Structural Performance, Conservation and Restoration of the Eastern Han Stone Relief Coffin with House-Shaped Cover Preserved in Sichuan Museum

作　　者：刘宇 Liu Yu

机构地区：[1]四川博物院

出　　处：《四川文物》2022年第6期111-118,共8页Sichuan Cultural Relics

摘　　要：为科学保护四川博物院馆藏东汉房形盖画像石棺,首先对石棺病害产生的原因进行分析,发现其病害主要是因枕木腐朽而无法承受石棺重力及内部应力增大所致,接着通过有限元模拟计算对石棺在不同工况下的受力进行分析,并根据计算分析结果提出锚固的保护技术方案。计算结果表明:在自重和运输两种工况下,石棺内部最大应力值均小于砂岩强度,故在静止和运输状态下石棺均不会被破坏。计算所得锚杆参数和锚固位置分布,对此次修复工作具有指导意义,对同类型画像石棺的结构保护研究也有参考价值。To determine the cause of deterioration is the first step of scientific preservation of the Eastern Han stone relief coffin with house-shaped cover preserved in the Sichuan Museum.Manifestations of the severe structural fracture are as follows: firstly, bottom plate fracture caused by the transverse horizontal cracks due to insufficient bending strength of the coffin itself;secondly, damage on the transverse side plate caused by diagonal cracks and cross diagonal cracks due to insufficient shear strength;thirdly, damage at the junction between the bottom plate and side plate due to insufficient tensile strength, and damage at the junction between the transverse side plate and longitudinal side plate due to insufficient shear strength. Comprehensive analysis in combination with internal and external factors such as material and environment indicates that the loose structure and insufficient strength of the stone itself are the internal causes, while weathering process accelerated under the impact of environment is the external cause, and the change of stress in the coffin is the main cause of the damage. On the basis of the conclusion, this paper analyzes the stress in the coffin under different working conditions through finite element simulation calculation,and put forth a conservation plan of anchoring. The result shows that the maximum stress value in the coffin is less than the strength of sandstone under static and moving conditions, therefore the coffin will not be damaged under such status. According to the result of finite element simulation calculation and architectural engineering theories, we put forth the number and spacing of anchor bars and the distribution of anchor positions, as the guidance for the restoration of the coffin, which is also of reference value for the structural protection research of stone coffins of the same type.

关 键 词：画像石棺 结构性能 锚固 保护修复 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K234.2[历史地理—历史学]