饥饿对尼罗罗非鱼体质量、静止代谢率和血液学指标的影响  

Effects of Starvation on Body Mass, Resting Metabolic Rate, and Hematological Indices in Oreochromis niloticus

作　　者：李健 覃悦 蒋美君 廖永岩 吴海萍 贾久满 叶秀荣 杨绍宇 LI Jian;QIN Yue;JIANG Meijun;LIAO Yongyan;WU Haiping;JIA Jiuman;YE Xiurong;YANG Shaoyu(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation,College of Ocean,Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou Guangxi 535011,China)

机构地区：[1]北部湾大学海洋学院,广西北部湾海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室,广西钦州535011

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期39-45,共7页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31672287,No.31460208);广西学位与研究生教育改革课题(No.JGY2019177);广西高等教育本科教学改革工程重点项目(No.2019JGZ133);广西北部湾海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室项目(No.2018ZB03);广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目(No.2018KY0623,No.2019ZB03)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨在饥饿胁迫条件下不同体质量尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)的耐饥性和静止代谢率变化。【方法】在(25±0.5)℃条件下,对初始体质量分别为(202.50±5.24)、(62.89±3.82) g的大、小两种规格尼罗罗非鱼进行56 d饥饿耐受处理,定时测定它们的体质量、静止代谢率、主要血液学指标和肝体比。【结果】1)当饥饿时间大于或等于14 d,大规格尼罗罗非鱼的体质量与饥饿处理开始时相比有统计学意义上的减少(p<0.05);小规格尼罗罗非鱼体质量在整个饥饿处理期间由(62.89±3.82) g降至(51.10±3.57) g,但该变化无统计学意义。2)在饥饿处理期间大规格尼罗罗非鱼静止代谢率最高时为(20.87±1.01) mg·h^(-1),最低时为(10.89±0.27) mg·h^(-1),下降了47.82%,两者差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05);小规格尼罗罗非鱼的静止代谢率在整个饥饿处理期间下降了56.10%,从(8.11±0.38) mg·h^(-1)降至(3.56±0.17) mg·h^(-1),两者差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。3)大、小两种规格尼罗罗非鱼血液中红细胞数量和血红蛋白质量浓度均随着饥饿时间的延长而逐渐降低,且它们的这两个血液学指标在处理开始与处理结束时的差异均有统计学意义(p<0.05)。4)大、小两种规格尼罗罗非鱼的肝体比在饥饿56 d后均有较大程度的下降,小规格尼罗罗非鱼的肝体比下降程度更大。【结论】尼罗罗非鱼的耐饥性较强,且大规格尼罗罗非鱼比小规格尼罗罗非鱼有更强的饥饿耐受能力。[Purposes]To investigate the starvation tolerance and the resting metabolic regulations of Oreochromis niloticus with different body mass under starvation stress. [Methods]The starvation tolerance experiment was conducted on large O. niloticus with initial body mass of(202.50±5.24) g and small O. niloticus with initial body mass of(62.89±3.82) g at(25±0.5) ℃ for 56 days. [Findings]1) When the starvation time was longer than or equal to 14 days, the body weight of tilapia was significantly lower than that of the control group(p<0.05). The body weight of small-size O. niloticus decreased from(62.89±3.82) g to(51.10±3.57) g, with no significant difference. 2) The resting metabolic rate of the fish decreased from(20.87±1.01) mg·h^(-1)to(10.89±0.27) mg·h^(-1)(p<0.05), a 47.82% decreased from 0 to 56 days after starvation. The resting metabolic rate of small-size O. niloticus decreased by 56.10% from(8.11±0.3) mg·h^(-1)to(3.56±0.17) mg·h(p<0.05). 3) The number of red blood cells and the hemoglobin mass concentration in blood of large-size and small-size O. niloticus was gradually decreased with the prolongation of starvation time(p<0.05). 4) The hepatosmatic index of O. niloticus(especially small-size O. niloticus) decreased deeply after starvation. [Conclusions]O. niloticus has starvation tolerance, and compared with small-size O. niloticus, the starvation tolerance of large-size O. niloticus is better.

关 键 词：饥饿 尼罗罗非鱼 体质量 静止代谢率 血液学指标 

分 类 号：Q175[生物学—水生生物学]