西周晚期的戎夷征伐--从多友鼎铭谈起  

The Military Conquest to Rong&Yi Peoples During the Period of the Late West Zhou Dynasty-Studies on It Based on the Inscriptions of Duo You Bronze Tripod

作　　者：沈博 Sheng Bo

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院 [2]四川省社会科学院历史研究所,四川成都610071

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2022年第6期51-59,154,共10页Journal of Chinese Culture

摘　　要：西周晚期,猃狁时而侵攻宗周,劫掠城市,抢夺民、财。周人对其采取了被动防御的策略,即猃狁攻入一城掠夺之后才组织军队进行追击,其目的主要是消灭侵攻之敌军并夺回俘虏、财物。这一策略与周王室在东南方对反叛淮夷所施行的“勿遗寿幼”的进攻策略形成鲜明对比。这主要是由两方面的原因造成的:一方面猃狁入侵只是以劫掠为目的,并不逗留,其所造成的伤害对于西周王朝而言是可以承受的;另一方面,淮夷作为向西周进贡和服役的族群,其反叛使得西周获取的粮食、布匹、劳动人口等资源大大减少,且其经常盘踞内地,对西周王朝的东南区域造成持续的损害。During the period of the late West Zhou Dynasty,Xian Yun people harassed the areas around the capitals of the royal Zhou.They broke through the cities,and robbed the civilians and their properties.The royal Zhou adopted a passive defending strategy,they organized military troops to pursue and attack Xian Yun people after they captured and depredated a city in order to annihilate the invaders and seize back the captured people and the properties.However,such passive strategy is in a sharp contrast to the active attacking military strategy of Don’t Omit an Old or a Young which is executed in suppressing the rebellions of Yi people in Huai River areas.It is caused by the reasons from two sides,one is that Xian Yun people’s invasion aims to rob without stay,and the damages caused by them are bearable to the West Zhou Dynasty;the other is that as one of the ethnic groups that undertake the escuage and paying tributes,the rebellions of Yi people in Huai River areas will lessen the gains of grains and cereals,clothing,the population of labors and other resources,etc.And their occupation in the inner areas will lead to a continuous damage in the southeast areas of West Zhou Dynasty.

关 键 词：西周 征伐 淮夷 猃狁 多友鼎 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]