世界主义的文学与人类学——迈向整体人类学的跨学科新话语  

Cosmopolitan Literature and Anthropology:A New Interdisciplinary Discourse Towards a Holistic Anthropology

作　　者：王偞婷 蔡栋梁[3] Wang Yeting;Cai Dongliang(Southwest University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu,610072,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院,四川成都610072 [2]西南财经大学人文学院 [3]西南财经大学金融学院

出　　处：《民族学刊》2022年第8期80-87,161,共9页Journal of Ethnology

摘　　要：在中西并行的学术演进中,文学人类学逐步成为一个具有独特表述主张和系统理论方法的跨学科新话语。伴随着对人类表述本质这一核心问题的逐步深入,文学人类学的问题意识、理论意识、核心意识在碰撞中得以不断反思乃至重塑,呈现出迈向整体人类学的话语特征和发展趋势。以英国人类学家奈吉尔·拉波特为代表,西方文学人类学正基于对以人类学为首的社会科学研究对象和方法的反思,对所谓“个体”实施关注和书写,从而最终回归“整体”,构成世界主义人类学的美好愿景,实现了其对整个社会科学领域作出话语贡献的企望。New developments in interdisciplinary research have made possible an unprecedented new situation for both literature studies and anthropology.Around the n the 1980s or so,literary anthropology,as a new discipline,appeared to gain prominence in the West and was rapidly introduced into Chinese academia for further development.In the parallel scholarly development of China and the West,literary anthropology has produced several works of high theoretical value and far-reaching influence.Chinese scholars generally believe that the discourse domain of literary anthropology originated from the practice of literary criticism represented by the study of“archetypal criticism”by the Canadian scholar Frye and that it is a new way to guide literary researchers to investigate resources using anthropological theoretical methods,so as to explain the origins and evolution of western literature.At the same time,literary anthropology is closely related to the“literary turn”initiated within the discipline of anthropology in the second half of the 20th century.Represented by“cultural poetics”or“interpretive anthropology”started by Western anthropologists such as Clifford Gertz,Mary Douglas,Victor Turner,and Paul Rabinow,literature is understood as the text of a specific culture.It also attempts to re-explore the issue of anthropological writing and its methodology.As academic research progressed,literary anthropologists represented by Wolfgang Iser further advanced the knowledge of ontological exploration.Why do people need literature?Why do people imagine,create stories,express,and write?How can people express and shape themselves through literature?These questions urge literary anthropology to further use interdisciplinary theoretical resources,methods,and tools to unearth the core of the study of the nature of human expression.In recent years,western scholars like Nigel Rapport and Elle Wiles have also summarized the academic evolution and achievements of literary anthropology over the past half century and tried t

关 键 词：文学人类学 整体人类学 个体性 世界主义 新话语 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理]