零符号表达俄语动词的形态范畴和意义  

The Morphological Categories and Meanings of Zero Sign in Russian Verb

作　　者：程晨 Cheng Chen

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学

出　　处：《中国俄语教学》2022年第4期10-17,共8页Russian in China

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第70批面上资助项目“基于语料库的中俄副语言比较的实证研究”(2021M702380)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：动词是俄语语法中形态最为复杂、内容最为丰富的一类词。动词作为句子的“焦点”,掌握其丰富的形态范畴,可以更好地理解语言的结构特点和意义。文章通过对“对立”概念的描述,分析了零符号在俄语动词范畴中的表意作用。在语法范畴领域,对立关系在二项式范畴的结构中占主导地位。语言中的零符号只有在适当的对立关系中才能够体现意义。在俄语动词系统中,零符号是相对于完成体的未完成体、被动态的主动态以及直接式的间接式等。Verb is the most complex grammar words in form and abundant in content.Verb is the focus of sentences and a good master of its rich morphological categories can make contribution to a better understanding of the structures and meaning of language.In the field of grammatical categories,oppositional relations dominate the structure of binomial categories.Zero sign can express its meaning only in the appropriate relation of opposition.In the system of the Russian verb,zero sign represents the imperfect aspect,the active voice and the indicative mood in comparison with the perfect aspect,the passive voice and the voluntative mood,respectively.

关 键 词：零符号 形态 动词范畴 

分 类 号：H35[语言文字—俄语]